Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 33

Devanagari script

माघमासे तु सम्प्राप्ते सप्तम्यां नृपसत्तम । सोपवासो जितक्रोध उषित्वा सूर्यमन्दिरे

Transliteration

māghamāse tu samprāpte saptamyāṃ nṛpasattama | sopavāso jitakrodha uṣitvā sūryamandire

Translation

ข้าแต่มหาราชผู้ประเสริฐ ครั้นเดือนมาฆะมาถึง ในวันขึ้น/แรม ๗ ค่ำ—ถืออุโบสถ ชนะความโกรธ และพำนักอยู่ในเทวสถานแห่งพระสุริยะ…

Word by Word

• माघमासे: in the month of Māgha
• माघमासे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माघ + मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—माघस्य मासः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधान/विरोधार्थक-निपात (particle: but/indeed)

• सम्प्राप्ते: when (it) has arrived
• सम्प्राप्ते: Adhikarana (Locative absolute/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + प्र + आप् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; पुं/नपुंसक-सम्भव; अत्र ‘माघमासे’ इत्यधिकरणे सति—‘सम्प्राप्ते (माघमासे)’ (locative absolute sense)

• सप्तम्याम्: on the seventh (tithi)
• सप्तम्याम्: Adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सप्तमी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तिथिवाचक (on the seventh lunar day)

• नृपसत्तम: O best of kings
• नृपसत्तम: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप + सत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; समासः—नृपाणां सत्तमः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• सोपवासः: fasting
• सोपवासः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + उपवास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• जितक्रोधः: one who has conquered anger
• जितक्रोधः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित + क्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—जितः क्रोधः येन सः

• उषित्वा: having stayed
• उषित्वा: Kriya (Non-finite verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वस् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive); धातोः ‘वस्’ (to dwell) → ‘उषित्वा’ (having stayed)

• सूर्यमन्दिरे: in the Sun-temple
• सूर्यमन्दिरे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य + मन्दिर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—सूर्यस्य मन्दिरम् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

Speaker

Sūta (deduced; address to a king indicates a dialogic frame beyond snippet)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Sūryamandira (Revā region)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Nṛpasattama (best of kings) explicitly addressed

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A kingly pilgrim and attendants approach a Sun-temple in Māgha; the atmosphere is cool, dawn-mist or winter clarity; the devotee is fasting, calm, and angerless, preparing to stay in the temple precinct on Saptamī.

Characters & Entities

• Sūrya

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Vrata is not only ritual fasting—ethical restraint (especially conquering anger) is integral to its power.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

A Sūrya-mandira (Sun temple) within the Revā Khaṇḍa sacred landscape; the chapter situates observance alongside Revā tīrtha practices.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Observe Māgha Saptamī with fasting, anger-control, and a devotional stay at a Sun temple.