Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 37

Devanagari script

तोषयन्ती त्रींश्च देवाञ्छुभैः स्तोत्रैर्व्रतैस्तथा । ग्रीष्मेषु च महादेवि पञ्चाग्निं साधयेत्ततः

Transliteration

toṣayantī trīṃśca devāñchubhaiḥ stotrairvrataistathā | grīṣmeṣu ca mahādevi pañcāgniṃ sādhayettataḥ

Translation

นางยังความยินดีแก่เทพทั้งสามสิบด้วยบทสรรเสริญอันเป็นมงคลและด้วยวัตรปฏิบัติ แล้วต่อมา โอ้มหาเทวี ในฤดูร้อนนางบำเพ็ญตบะปัญจัคนี คือการทรมานตนด้วยไฟห้ากอง

Word by Word

• तोषयन्ती: pleasing, propitiating
• तोषयन्ती: Karta (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुष् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle/शतृ), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (qualifies विशालाक्षी)

• त्रीन्: three
• त्रीन्: Karman (Object-qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (qualifies देवान्)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• शुभैः: auspicious
• शुभैः: Karana (Means-qualifier/करण-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (qualifies स्तोत्रैः, व्रतैः)

• स्तोत्रैः: with hymns
• स्तोत्रैः: Karana (Means/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• व्रतैः: with vows/observances
• व्रतैः: Karana (Means/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• तथा: thus, likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (adverb: thus/also)

• ग्रीष्मेषु: in the summers
• ग्रीष्मेषु: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्रीष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन (Plural)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• महादेवि: O great goddess
• महादेवि: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महादेवी (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मधारय-समास (महा + देवी)

• पञ्चाग्निम्: the five-fire austerity (pañcāgni)
• पञ्चाग्निम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्च + अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); द्विगु-समास

• साधयेत्: should practice/perform
• साधयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: साध् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• ततः: then
• ततः: Sambandha (Sequence/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रमवाचक (then)

Speaker

Śiva (deduced: 'mahādevi')

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Eraṇḍī–Narmadā Saṅgama (contextual)

Type: sangam

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Mahādevī / Sundarī (addressed female interlocutor)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: An ascetic woman surrounded by four fires with the blazing sun overhead (the fifth fire), chanting hymns; devas subtly appear in the sky receiving the stotras; the river glints nearby, emphasizing tīrtha setting.

Characters & Entities

• Tridaśa (Thirty Gods)
• Pañcāgni (five-fire penance)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Devotional worship (stotra, vrata) and bodily austerity (tapas) are complementary paths that sanctify pilgrimage life.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The broader Narmadā tīrtha context continues, centered around the Eraṇḍī-saṅgama region described in adjacent verses.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Performing pañcāgni-tapas in summer, along with vows and hymn-recitation to propitiate the gods.