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Shloka 48

Sadācāra–Varṇa-lakṣaṇa and Prātaḥkṛtya

Right Conduct, Social Typologies, and Morning Purification

दिने दिने त्वतिक्रांते नित्यमेवं क्रमाज्जपेत् । मासादौ क्रमशोऽतीते सार्धलक्षजपेन हि

dine dine tvatikrāṃte nityamevaṃ kramājjapet | māsādau kramaśo'tīte sārdhalakṣajapena hi

เมื่อวันแล้ววันเล่าผ่านไป พึงทำชปะทุกวันตามลำดับเช่นนี้. ครั้นเมื่อครบกำหนดเป็นเดือนและช่วงเวลาที่บัญญัติไว้โดยลำดับแล้ว การปฏิบัตินี้ย่อมสำเร็จด้วยการชปะหนึ่งแสนห้าหมื่นจบ.

दिनेon a day
दिने:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/काल)
TypeNoun
Rootदिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
दिनेday by day
दिने:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/काल)
TypeNoun
Rootदिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (repetition)
तुindeed, but
तु:
None (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात/अव्यय; emphasis/contrast
अतिक्रान्तेwhen (it) has passed
अतिक्रान्ते:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/काल)
TypeAdjective
Rootअति + क्रम् (धातु) → अतिक्रान्त (कृदन्त; क्त)
Formसप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकाले; (with implied ‘काले/समये’) ‘when (it is) passed’
नित्यम्always, regularly
नित्यम्:
None (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्रियाविशेषणरूपेण अव्ययीभूतम् (adverbial accusative)
एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
None (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb)
क्रमात्in order, gradually
क्रमात्:
Hetu/Apadana (अपादान/क्रम-आश्रय)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; ‘in due order/gradually’ (ablative of manner/source)
जपेत्should recite
जपेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootजप् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
मासादौat the beginning of the month, etc.
मासादौ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/काल)
TypeNoun
Rootमास (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष (मासस्य आदौ)
क्रमशःgradually, successively
क्रमशः:
None (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्रमशः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; manner adverb ‘step by step’
अतीतेwhen (it) has elapsed
अतीते:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/काल)
TypeAdjective
Rootअति + इ (धातु) → अतीत (कृदन्त; क्त)
Formसप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; (with implied ‘काले/समये’) ‘when (it is) elapsed’
सार्धलक्षजपेनby (doing) one-and-a-half-lakh recitations
सार्धलक्षजपेन:
Karana (करण/साधन)
TypeNoun
Rootसार्ध (अव्यय/उपपद) + लक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + जप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारयभाव: ‘सार्धं लक्षेण’ = ‘with one-and-a-half lakh’; ‘japa’ as head; instrument of accomplishment
हिfor, indeed
हि:
None (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात/अव्यय; reason/emphasis

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

S
Shiva

FAQs

It teaches disciplined, incremental japa as a Shaiva sadhana: steady daily repetition purifies the pashu (bound soul) and turns attention toward Pati (Shiva), culminating in a vowed completion count that strengthens devotion and inner steadiness.

In the Vidyeshvara context, mantra-japa is a direct mode of Saguna Shiva worship—approaching Shiva through name and mantra—often paired with Linga-puja; the counted completion (sārdha-lakṣa) functions like a vrata that intensifies bhakti and reverence for the Linga as Shiva’s gracious, accessible form.

A graduated daily mantra-japa regimen culminating in one and a half lakh repetitions; practically, it implies keeping a steady count (often with a mala) and maintaining regularity over days and months as part of a vowed Shaiva practice.