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Mantra 3

Aindra praise of Indra’s vast power, framed within the sacrificial order and its enabling deities

Rishi: Unspecified (Uṣas hymn tradition; often attributed in RV to seers of the Aṅgiras line)
Devata: Uṣas (Dawn)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like cadence (approx.; requires pada-count verification)
Devanagari Script

सा नो अद्याभरद्वसुर्व्युच्छा दुहितर्दिवः यो व्यौच्छः सहीयसि सत्यश्रवसि याय्ये सुजाते अश्वसूनृते

Samhita Patha

sā no adyābharadvasurvyucchā duhitardivaḥ yo vyaucchaḥ sahīyasi satyaśravasi yāyye sujāte aśvasūnṛte

Transliteration

sā no adyābharad vasur vyucchā duhitár divaḥ | yo vyáucchaḥ sahīyási satyáśravasi yā́yye sujā́te aśvasū́nṛte ||

Translation

นาง—ธิดาแห่งฟ้า ผู้รุ่งอรุณแผ่กว้าง (อุษัส Uṣas)—ได้นำทรัพย์มาให้เราในวันนี้; นางผู้ทอแสงปรากฏแล้ว ผู้ทรงฤทธิ์ยิ่ง ผู้มีเกียรติยศแท้จริง ควรแก่การเข้าเฝ้าและบูชา; ผู้กำเนิดดี ผู้ประทานม้าและวาจามงคล (sūnṛtā).

Pada Patha (Word Analysis)

sā | naḥ | adya | ā-bharat | vasuḥ | vi-ucchā | duhitā | divaḥ | yaḥ | vi-aucchaḥ | sahīyasi | satya-śravasi | yāyye | su-jāte | aśva-sūnṛte

Word by Word
साshe (that one)
सा:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःto us / our
नः:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अद्यtoday, now
अद्य:
अधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (अव्यय)
आभरत्brought, bore (to)
आभरत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√भृ (भरणे) उपसर्गः आ-
वसुःthe good one; benefactor (Vasu)
वसुः:
कर्तृ (आभरत्-क्रियायाः) / विशेष्य
TypeNoun
Rootवसु (प्रातिपदिक)
व्यूच्छाdawns forth; shines out
व्यूच्छा:
क्रिया (उषसः) / विधेय
TypeVerb (Vedic/poetic form) / verbal noun
Root√उष्/√वस्? (उषसः ‘to dawn’) — ‘व्यूच्छा’ इति उषस्-सम्बद्धं पदम्
दुहितःdaughter
दुहितः:
कर्तृ/सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootदुहितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
दिवःof heaven, of the sky
दिवः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ (अनुवाक्ये) / सम्बन्ध
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
व्यौच्छःyou dawned forth
व्यौच्छः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√उष् (उषसि/उष्णे ‘to dawn’) उपसर्गः वि-
सhe / that
स:
कर्तृ/सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हीयसीmightier; more powerful
हीयसी:
विशेषण
TypeAdjective (comparative)
Rootहीयस् (प्रातिपदिक; तुलनात्मक-विशेषण) / √ही? (to be deficient)
सत्यश्रवसिO true-famed one
सत्यश्रवसि:
सम्बोधन
TypeAdjective (vocative/locative form used as address)
Rootसत्य-श्रवस् (समास-प्रातिपदिक)
याय्येO ever-going / to be approached
याय्ये:
सम्बोधन/विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootयाय्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘to be approached/going’)
सुजातेO well-born one
सुजाते:
सम्बोधन/विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-जात (कृदन्त/समास-प्रातिपदिक)
अश्वसूनृतेO (goddess) of horse-rich true speech / possessing horses and good truth
अश्वसूनृते:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootअश्व-सूनृत (समास-प्रातिपदिक)
Sāman Melody Name

Uṣas-sāman (generic/unspecified in input)

Vocal Structure

{ "prastava": "(Stobha-led prelude, often with o/ho-i variants in Uṣas contexts; exact text not supplied)", "udgitha": "sā no adyābharad vasur vyucchā duhitár divaḥ", "pratihara": "yo vyáucchaḥ sahīyasi satyáśravasi yā́yye", "upadrava": "sujā́te aśvasū́nṛte", "nidhana": "(Concluding elongations on final epithet; communal close)", "structure_notes": "Archika verse is typically distributed so the invocatory identification sits in udgītha; epithets cascade through pratihāra/upadrava; nidhana prolongs the last boon-word for ‘settling’ the resonance.", "singer_assignments": "Prastotṛ begins; Udgātṛ carries udgītha and upadrava; Pratihartṛ answers with pratihāra; all join to seal nidhana." }

Sāyaṇa Commentary

{ "gloss_summary": "Uṣas, presiding at morning, is praised as bringing ‘vasu’ today; she is the widely dawning daughter of Heaven, powerful, truly renowned, and grants horses and sūnṛtā (auspicious truthful speech).", "ritual_interpretation": "Read as prātaḥ-savana auspicious opener: ‘vasu’ includes ritual prosperity—cattle, food, and success of the sacrifice; Dawn’s appearance marks the proper time for kindling and stotra.", "theological_insight": "Uṣas embodies ṛta’s daily renewal; her ‘true renown’ is the reliability of cosmic order manifesting as light and right speech.", "etymology_highlights": "vasu = wealth/prosperity; sūnṛtā = su- (good) + nṛtā (utterance), i.e., auspicious truth-speaking; aśva as swift resource/means." }

Ritual Application
Academic Analysis
Symbolic Meaning
Musical Layer
Rigveda Source
Soma Ritual Context
Rishi Connection
Devata Aspects
Chandas Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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