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Shloka 8

मकराक्षस्य निर्गमनम्

The Deployment of Makaraksha and Ravana’s Fury

प्रदक्षिणंरथंकृत्वाआरुरोहनिशाचरः ।सूतंसञ्चोदयामासशीघ्रंमेरथमावह ।।।।

pradakṣiṇaṃ rathaṃ kṛtvā āruroha niśācaraḥ |

sūtaṃ sañcodayāmāsa śīghraṃ me ratham āvaha ||

ครั้นเวียนขวารอบรถศึกด้วยความเคารพแล้ว นิสาจรก็ขึ้นประทับบนรถ และเร่งสารถีว่า “จงนำรถของข้ามาโดยเร็ว!”

pradakṣiṇamcircumambulation
pradakṣiṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpradakṣiṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; object of kṛtvā
rathamchariot
ratham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular; with pradakṣiṇam (pradakṣiṇaṃ rathaṃ kṛtvā = 'having circumambulated the chariot')
kṛtvāhaving done
kṛtvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा)
ārurohamounted
āruroha:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√ruh (धातु)
FormLiṭ (लिट्) Perfect, Parasmaipada; 3rd person, Singular
niśācaraḥthe Rakshasa
niśācaraḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootniśācara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
sūtamcharioteer
sūtam:
Karma (कर्म) (person urged)
TypeNoun
Rootsūta (प्रातिपदik)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
sañcodayāmāsaurged/drove on
sañcodayāmāsa:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√cud (धातु)
FormLiṭ (लिट्) Perfect, Parasmaipada; 3rd person, Singular; intensive/causative sense 'urged strongly'
śīghramquickly
śīghram:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootśīghram (अव्यय)
FormAdverb
memy
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun; Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (enclitic)
rathamchariot
ratham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
āvahabring/drive (it)
āvaha:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√vah (धातु)
FormLoṭ (लोट्) Imperative, Parasmaipada; 2nd person, Singular

After having gone round the chariot he (Makara) ascended and said to the charioteer, 'let the chariot be driven quickly'.

M
Makarākṣa (implied niśācara)
R
ratha (chariot)
S
sūta (charioteer)

FAQs

Even in war, one follows customary propriety and mindful action; the pradakṣiṇā suggests reverence and discipline before undertaking a grave deed.

Makarākṣa prepares to depart for battle, mounts his chariot, and orders the charioteer to move quickly.

Resolve and preparedness, coupled with adherence to customary forms.