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Shloka 5

शरणागति

धर्मनिर्णयः (Decision on Refuge and Dharma) / Rama’s Vow of Protection and the Acceptance of Vibhishana

सुदुष्टोवाप्यदुष्टोवाकिमेषरजनीचरः ।ईदृशंव्यसनंप्राप्तंभ्रातरंयःपरित्यजेत् ।।।।कोनामसभवेत्तस्ययमेषनपरित्यजेत् ।

suduṣṭo vāpy aduṣṭo vā kim eṣa rajanīcaraḥ | īdṛśaṃ vyasanaṃ prāptaṃ bhrātaraṃ yaḥ parityajet || ko nāma sa bhavet tasya yam eṣa na parityajet ||

“ไม่ว่ารากษสผู้เที่ยวราตรีผู้นี้จะชั่วร้ายยิ่งหรือมิชั่วร้ายก็ตาม เราจะต้องหวาดกลัวสิ่งใดจากเขาเล่า? เขาเป็นผู้มาถึงเรา หลังถูกพี่น้องของตนทอดทิ้งในคราววิบัติอันเช่นนี้ แล้วผู้ใดเล่าจะไม่หันหลังให้เขา—ผู้ใดเล่าจะไม่ปฏิเสธเขา?”

suduṣṭaḥvery wicked
suduṣṭaḥ:
Pradhana-visheshana (प्रधान-विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (अव्यय-उपसर्ग) + duṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; predicate adjective of ‘eṣa rajanīcaraḥ’
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, disjunctive particle ‘or’
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, particle ‘even’
aduṣṭaḥnot wicked
aduṣṭaḥ:
Pradhana-visheshana (प्रधान-विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootduṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक) with a- (अ-निषेध)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; predicate adjective
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, disjunctive particle
kimwhat (does it matter)
kim:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkim (किम् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInterrogative particle used adverbially (प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय)
eṣaḥthis
eṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (एतद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
rajanīcaraḥnight-ranger (rakshasa)
rajanīcaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrajanī (प्रातिपदिक) + cara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (सप्तमी/षष्ठीभावः: ‘rajanīyāṃ carati’); Masculine, Nominative, Singular
īdṛśamsuch
īdṛśam:
Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootīdṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; qualifies ‘vyasanaṃ’
vyasanammisfortune/distress
vyasanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvyasana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
prāptamhaving come/obtained
prāptam:
Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + āp (आप् धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Accusative, Singular; agrees with ‘vyasanaṃ’
bhrātarambrother
bhrātaram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhrātṛ (भ्रातृ प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; relative pronoun referring to ‘eṣaḥ’
parityajetwould abandon
parityajet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpari + tyaj (त्यज् धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person, Singular; ‘should abandon’
kaḥwho
kaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (किम् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; interrogative pronoun
nāmaindeed/ever
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāma (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, emphatic/interrogative particle (निपात)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
bhavetwould be
bhavet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (भू धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person, Singular
tasyaof him
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
yamwhom
yam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular; relative pronoun (object)
eṣaḥthis one
eṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (एतद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, negation
parityajetwould abandon
parityajet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpari + tyaj (त्यज् धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person, Singular

"Let this Rakshasa (night ranger) be a wicked one or not a wicked one, what have we to worry about such a person? He has come here abandoned by his brother and who will not send away such a person? Who will not do so?"

S
Sugrīva
R
Rāma (implied by context)
R
Rākṣasa
V
Vibhīṣaṇa (implied: the abandoned brother seeking refuge)
R
Rāvaṇa (implied: the brother who abandoned him)

FAQs

It highlights a debated edge of dharma: prudence in accepting outsiders. Sugrīva argues from suspicion and worldly policy—questioning whether someone rejected by his own kin should be trusted.

Sugrīva responds to the arrival of Vibhīṣaṇa (Rāvaṇa’s brother) and expresses skepticism about granting him acceptance.

Sugrīva’s caution and protective concern for Rāma’s safety—though it contrasts with Rāma’s later emphasis on refuge as a dharmic duty.