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Shloka 10

रावणक्रोधः—रामस्य परुषवाक्यम्

Ravana’s Fury and Rama’s Harsh Admonition

ततःक्रोधसमाविष्टोरामोदशरथात्मजः ।उवाचरावणंवीरःप्रहस्यपरुषंवचः ।।।।

tataḥ krodhasamāviṣṭo rāmo daśarathātmajaḥ |

uvāca rāvaṇaṃ vīraḥ prahasya paruṣaṃ vacaḥ ||

ครั้นแล้ว พระราม โอรสผู้กล้าหาญแห่งทศรถ เมื่อถูกโทสะครอบงำ ก็หัวเราะแล้วกล่าวถ้อยคำอันแข็งกร้าวต่อราวณะ

ततःthen
ततः:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनुक्रमवाचक
क्रोधसमाविष्टःovercome by anger
क्रोधसमाविष्टः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रोध (प्रातिपदिक) + सम् + आ + विश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (क्रोधेन समाविष्टः = possessed by anger); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्
रामःRama
रामः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्
दशरथात्मजःson of Dasharatha
दशरथात्मजः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदशरथ (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (दशरथस्य आत्मजः); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकारः (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्; प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्
रावणम्to Ravana / Ravana (object)
रावणम्:
Sampradana/Karma (सम्प्रदान/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootरावण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्
वीरःthe hero
वीरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्
प्रहस्यhaving laughed
प्रहस्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + हस् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा/ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund); 'having laughed'
परुषम्harsh
परुषम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे/पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषण (qualifying वचः)
वचःwords/speech
वचः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

Then Rama, the heroic son of Dasharatha, overcome by anger, laughing at Ravana, spoke these words.

R
Rāma
D
Daśaratha
R
Rāvaṇa

FAQs

Even when speaking truth, Dharma values measured speech; anger tends to harden words. The verse sets up a tension between satya (truth) and the need for restraint in expression.

On the battlefield, Rāma prepares to verbally confront Rāvaṇa, introducing a rebuke that follows.

Rāma’s fearlessness and directness are foregrounded, though the verse also acknowledges the human surge of anger.