Shloka 11

रावणक्रोधः—रामस्य परुषवाक्यम्

Ravana’s Fury and Rama’s Harsh Admonition

Devanagari script

ममभार्याजनस्थानादज्ञानाद्राक्षसाधम ।हृतातेविवशायस्मात्तस्मात्त्वंनासिवीर्यवान् ।।।।

Transliteration

mama bhāryā janasthānād ajñānād rākṣasādhama |

hṛtā te vivaśā yasmāt tasmāt tvaṃ nāsi vīryavān ||

Translation

โอ้ยักษ์ผู้ชั่วช้าที่สุด! เพราะเจ้าลักพาภรรยาของเราจากชนะสถานะ ในยามนางไม่รู้ตัวและไร้ทางสู้ ฉะนั้นเจ้ามิอาจถูกเรียกว่าเป็นวีรบุรุษแท้ได้

Word by Word

• मम: my
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular), सर्वनाम (Pronoun)

• भार्या: wife
• भार्या: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• जनस्थानात्: from Janasthana
• जनस्थानात्: Apadana (अपादान/source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: janasthāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन (Singular)

• अज्ञानात्: out of ignorance
• अज्ञानात्: Hetu (हेतु/cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ajñāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन (Singular)

• राक्षसाधम: O lowest of Rakshasas
• राक्षसाधम: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/vocative address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa + adhama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): राक्षसानाम् अधमः

• हृता: was abducted
• हृता: Karma (कर्म/patient; in passive sense)
• Type: Verb
• Root: hṛ (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• ते: by you / of you
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/agent-possessor in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular), सर्वनाम (Pronoun)

• विवशा: helpless
• विवशा: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vivaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (adjective) भार्यायाः

• यस्मात्: because (of which)
• यस्मात्: Hetu (हेतु/cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter), पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन (Singular); सम्बन्धसूचक (relative)

• तस्मात्: therefore
• तस्मात्: Hetu/Upapada (हेतु/therefore)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter), पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन (Singular); तदर्थे अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः (therefore)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular), सर्वनाम (Pronoun)

• न: not
• न: Negation (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle/निषेधाव्यय)

• असि: are
• असि: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• वीर्यवान्: valiant / powerful
• वीर्यवान्: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vīrya + vat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (adjective) त्वम्

Context

"Lowly Rakshasa! My wife was abducted by you ignorantly when she was helpless. Therefore, you are not valiant."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Rāvaṇa
• Sītā (implied as “my wife”)
• Jana-sthāna

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

True heroism is measured by righteous conduct—especially protecting the vulnerable—not by exploiting helplessness. Abducting a defenseless woman is condemned as adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma confronts Rāvaṇa in battle and frames Sītā’s abduction as cowardly, undermining Rāvaṇa’s claims to valor.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma emphasizes moral courage and principled valor (vīrya aligned with Dharma), not mere force.