Shloka 9

सीताविलापः रावणनिन्दा च

Sita’s Lament and Condemnation of Ravana

Devanagari script

धिक्ते शौर्यं च सत्त्वं च यत्त्वं कथितवांस्तदा।कुलाक्रोशकरं लोके धिक्ते चारित्रमीदृशम्।।3.53.9।।

Transliteration

dhik te śauryaṃ ca sattvaṃ ca yat tvaṃ kathitavāṃs tadā |

kulākrośakaraṃ loke dhik te cāritram īdṛśam ||3.53.9||

Translation

น่าละอายต่อ ‘ความกล้าหาญ’ และ ‘พลัง’ ที่เจ้าครั้งหนึ่งเคยโอ้อวด! น่าละอายต่อความประพฤติเช่นนี้ของเจ้า ที่นำความอัปยศมาสู่ตระกูลต่อหน้าชาวโลก

Word by Word

• धिक्: fie! shame!
• धिक्: सम्बोधन/निपात (Exclamation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: धिक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Interjection/exclamation of censure)

• ते: to you
• ते: सम्प्रदान (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन; ‘to you’

• शौर्यम्: valor
• शौर्यम्: कर्म (Object of censure/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शौर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Conjunction)

• सत्त्वम्: courage; strength of character
• सत्त्वम्: कर्म (Object of censure/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Conjunction)

• यत्: that which
• यत्: सम्बन्ध (Clause linker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय-प्रयोग (Relative particle ‘that which/that’ introducing clause)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन

• कथितवान्: (you) had said
• कथितवान्: क्रिया-विशेषण (Predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कथ् (धातु)
• Form: क्तवतु-प्रत्यय (Perfect participle/भूतपूर्वकृदन्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘having said/boasted’

• तदा: then
• तदा: काल (Time/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Adverb of time)

• कुलाक्रोशकरम्: bringing disgrace to the family
• कुलाक्रोशकरम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कुल-आक्रोश-कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: कुलस्य आक्रोशं करोति (causing family-disgrace)

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• धिक्: fie!
• धिक्: सम्बोधन/निपात (Exclamation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: धिक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Interjection of censure)

• ते: to you
• ते: सम्प्रदान (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, चतुर्थी (Dative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Conjunction)

• चारित्रम्: conduct; character
• चारित्रम्: कर्म (Object of censure/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चारित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• ईदृशम्: such
• ईदृशम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ईदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifies ‘चारित्रम्’

Context

O lowly fellow! how is it that you are not ashamed of commiting such a despicable act abducting another's wife when she is alone ?

Characters & Entities

• Sītā (Vaidehī)
• Rāvaṇa
• kula (lineage)
• loka (world)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma links personal action to collective honor: immoral conduct stains one’s reputation and lineage. True śaurya must align with righteousness, not predation.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā denounces Rāvaṇa’s boasts and declares that his behavior will bring public disgrace.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s unwavering commitment to moral standards (maryādā) and her insistence that power without dharma is contemptible.