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Shloka 18

सीताविलापः रावणनिन्दा च

Sita’s Lament and Condemnation of Ravana

यथा चास्मिन्भयस्थाने न बिभेषि दशानन।।3.53.18।।व्यक्तं हिरण्मयान् हि त्वं सम्पश्यसि महीरुहान्।

yathā cāsmin bhaya-sthāne na bibheṣi daśānana ||3.53.18||

vyaktaṃ hiraṇmayān hi tvaṃ sampaśyasi mahīruhān |

โอ้ทศานนะ ในสถานที่อันน่าสะพรึงนี้แม้เจ้าก็มิได้หวาดหวั่น จึงประจักษ์ว่าเจ้ากำลังเห็นหมู่ไม้สีทอง—ลางบอกเหตุว่ามฤตยูใกล้เข้ามาแล้ว

यथाas
यथा:
सम्बन्ध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (as/just as)
and
:
सम्बन्ध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
भयस्थानेin the place of fear
भयस्थाने:
अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootभय + स्थान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (षष्ठी: "भयस्य स्थानम्"), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
not
:
निषेध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
बिभेषिyou fear
बिभेषि:
क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभी (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; reduplicated present
दशाननO ten-faced (Ravana)
दशानन:
सम्बोधन (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootदश + आनन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विगु-समास (दश आननानि यस्य), पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
व्यक्तम्clearly
व्यक्तम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootव्यक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-प्राय/क्रियाविशेषणवत् नपुंसक-एकवचन used adverbially = "clearly"
हिरण्मयान्golden
हिरण्मयान्:
विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootहिरण्मय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; qualifies महीरुहान्
हिindeed
हि:
सम्बन्ध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्ता (Agent/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा, एकवचन
सम्पश्यसिyou see
सम्पश्यसि:
क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + दृश् (धातु)
Formलट्, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
महीरुहान्trees
महीरुहान्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमही + रुह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (उपपद: "महीम् रुहन्ति"), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

O Ravana, you see the dreadful river Vaitarani with torrents of blood flowing and frightening forest of trees with swords as leaves.

S
Sītā
R
Rāvaṇa (Daśānana)

FAQs

Moral numbness to fear of wrongdoing is itself a warning: when adharma dominates, a person loses healthy restraint and moves toward self-destruction.

Sītā interprets Rāvaṇa’s fearless persistence in sin as a death-omen, expressed through the traditional sign of ‘seeing golden trees.’

Sītā’s insight and composure: she reads the ethical meaning of events and speaks with unwavering conviction.