Shloka 83

Kāṣṭhīlā-Ākhyāna: Ratnāvalī’s Return, Co-wife Dharma, and the Phālguna Propitiation

Devanagari script

ततोऽहं यमनिर्द्दिष्टां प्राप्ता नरकयातनाम् । तामतीत्य सुदुःखार्ता काष्ठीला चाभवं शुभे ॥ ८३ ॥

Transliteration

tato'haṃ yamanirddiṣṭāṃ prāptā narakayātanām | tāmatītya suduḥkhārtā kāṣṭhīlā cābhavaṃ śubhe || 83 ||

Translation

ต่อมาข้าพเจ้าได้รับทุกข์นรกตามที่ยมกำหนด ครั้นผ่านความทรมานนั้นแล้ว ด้วยความทุกข์แสนสาหัส โอ้ผู้เป็นมงคล ข้าพเจ้ากลายเป็นดุจท่อนไม้—มึนงงและนิ่งเฉย

Word by Word

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; तदनन्तरबोधक (adverb: thereafter)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष सर्वनाम; प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन

• यम-निर्दिष्टाम्: designated by Yama
• यम-निर्दिष्टाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक) + निर्दिष्ट (कृदन्त, √दिश् धातु)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'यमेन निर्दिष्टा' (appointed/indicated by Yama); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; विशेषण of 'नरकयातनाम्'

• प्राप्ता: (I) reached/attained
• प्राप्ता: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्राप्त (कृदन्त, √आप्/√प्राप् धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (Past participle/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन; finite sense with 'अहम्'

• नरक-यातनाम्: hell-torment
• नरक-यातनाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरक (प्रातिपदिक) + यातना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'नरकस्य यातना' (torment of hell); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• ताम्: that (torment)
• ताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; refers to 'नरकयातना'

• अतीत्य: having passed beyond
• अतीत्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अति + √इ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), धातु: इ; उपसर्ग: अति

• सु-दुःख-आर्ता: greatly distressed
• सु-दुःख-आर्ता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु (अव्यय/उपसर्गवत्) + दुःख (प्रातिपदिक) + आर्त (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय: 'सुदुःखेन आर्ता' (afflicted with great sorrow); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन

• काष्ठीला: (as) Kāṣṭhīlā / rigid-wooden state
• काष्ठीला: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काष्ठील (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन; (name/state: 'wooden/rigid-bodied one' or a condition)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• अभवम्: I became
• अभवम्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/past), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• शुभे: O auspicious one
• शुभे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; स्त्रीलिङ्ग

Speaker

A suffering soul/recipient of Yama’s judgment (narrative voice within the discourse)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Rasa: {"primary_rasa":"karuna","secondary_rasa":"bhayanaka","emotional_journey":"The soul recounts punitive suffering in Yama’s domain; after enduring torment, the emotional arc ends in numbness and inert shock."}

Characters & Entities

• Yama
• Naraka

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It underscores the inevitability of karmic consequences: actions lead to Yama-ordained experiences, and intense suffering can leave the jīva mentally and spiritually numb—prompting repentance and a return to dharma.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By showing the stark pain of naraka-yātanā, the verse indirectly motivates refuge in wholesome living and devotion—turning the mind toward remembrance of the Divine and away from sinful habits that lead to Yama’s punishments.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

No specific Vedāṅga technique is taught in this verse; the practical takeaway is ethical discipline (dharma) and karmic accountability, which traditionally guide ritual conduct and vow-observance (vrata) in Purāṇic practice.