Shloka 50

The Liberation of the Lizard

Godhā-vimukti

Devanagari script

स्वकृतं तु जनोऽश्नाति सुखदुःखात्मकं विभो । तस्मात्किमनया कार्यं पापया भर्तुदुष्टया ॥ ५० ॥

Transliteration

svakṛtaṃ tu jano'śnāti sukhaduḥkhātmakaṃ vibho | tasmātkimanayā kāryaṃ pāpayā bhartuduṣṭayā || 50 ||

Translation

ข้าแต่พระผู้เป็นเจ้า มนุษย์ย่อมเสวยผลแห่งกรรมที่ตนทำเอง อันประกอบด้วยสุขและทุกข์ ดังนั้นหญิงผู้บาปและประพฤติชั่วต่อสามีผู้นี้จะมีประโยชน์อันใดเล่า?

Word by Word

• स्वकृतम्: one's own deed (what is done by oneself)
• स्वकृतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वकृत (प्रातिपदिक; स्व + कृत)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन; कर्मपद-योग्य (object-like)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात/विरोधार्थक (particle, adversative/emphatic)

• जनः: a person
• जनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• अश्नाति: eats/experiences
• अश्नाति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अश् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• सुखदुःखात्मकम्: consisting of pleasure and pain
• सुखदुःखात्मकम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुख + दुःख + आत्मक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier) स्वकृतम्-इति

• विभो: O Lord
• विभो: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विभु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th case/vocative), एकवचन

• तस्मात्: therefore
• तस्मात्: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-निष्पन्न अव्यय; अपादानार्थक (ablative sense) ‘therefore/from that’

• किम्: what
• किम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रश्नार्थक

• अनया: by/with this (woman)
• अनया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case/instrumental), एकवचन

• कार्यम्: business/need (what is to be done)
• कार्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘to be done/need’

• पापया: sinful
• पापया: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier) अनया-इति

• भर्तुः: of the husband
• भर्तुः: Shashthi-Sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case/genitive), एकवचन

• दुष्टया: wicked (towards)
• दुष्टया: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier) अनया-इति

Speaker

Unspecified (dialogue voice within the Adhyaya; addressed to a divine Lord—vibhu)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It asserts the karma principle: each person must experience the fruits of their own actions—pleasure and pain—so blame-shifting is meaningless; ethical conduct (dharma) is therefore central.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By emphasizing accountability for karma, it indirectly supports bhakti as a purifying orientation: devotion to the Lord fosters dharmic living and reduces pāpa that leads to suffering.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

No specific Vedāṅga (like Vyākaraṇa, Jyotiṣa, or Kalpa) is taught here; the practical takeaway is dharma-nīti—right conduct based on karma-phala (cause and result).