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Shloka 1

Adhyaya 89 — The Wrath of Shumbha and Nishumbha and the Fall of Nishumbha

Sanskrit

इति श्रीमार्कण्डेयपुराणे सावर्णिके मन्वन्तरे देवीमाहात्म्ये रक्तबीजवधोनामाष्टाशीतितमोऽध्यायः ।

एकोननवतितमोऽध्यायः— ८९ ।

राजोवाच

विचित्रमिदमाख्यातं भगवन् भवता मम ।

देव्याश्चरितमाहात्म्यं रक्तबीजवधाश्रितम् ॥

Transliteration

iti śrīmārkaṇḍeyapurāṇe sāvarṇike manvantare devīmāhātmye raktabījavadhonāmāṣṭāśītitamo 'dhyāyaḥ | ekonanavatitamo 'dhyāyaḥ—89 | rājovāca vicitram idam ākhyātaṃ bhagavan bhavatā mama | devyāś caritam āhātmyaṃ raktabījavadhāśritam ||

Translation

ดังนี้ ในศรีมารกัณฑेयปุราณะ ในสาวรรณิกมันวันตระ ภายในเทวีมหาตมยะ บทที่แปดสิบแปดนามว่า ‘การสังหารรक्तพีชะ’ ยุติลงแล้ว บัดนี้เริ่มบทที่แปดสิบเก้า พระราชาตรัสว่า “ข้าแต่ภควัน ท่านได้เล่าแก่ข้าพเจ้าแล้วซึ่งเรื่องอัศจรรย์นี้ คือพระเกียรติคุณแห่งพระเทวีอันมีการสังหารรক্তพีชะเป็นศูนย์กลาง”

Word by Word
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (quotative particle)
śrī-mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇein the Śrī Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa
śrī-mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location-text)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī (प्रातिपदिक) + mārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक) + purāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
sāvarṇikein the Sāvarṇika (Manvantara)
sāvarṇike:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsāvarṇika (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (manvantare प्रति)
manvantarein the Manvantara
manvantare:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmanvantara (प्रातिपदिक; manu + antara)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
devī-māhātmyein the Devī Māhātmya
devī-māhātmye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Section)
TypeNoun
Rootdevī (प्रातिपदिक) + māhātmya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
raktabīja-vadha-nāmānamed ‘The Slaying of Raktabīja’
raktabīja-vadha-nāmā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootraktabīja (प्रातिपदिक) + vadha (प्रातिपदिक) + nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); बहिर्वृत्ति-विशेषण (adhyāyaḥ प्रति)
aṣṭāśītitamaḥeighty-eighth
aṣṭāśītitamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootaṣṭāśīti (प्रातिपदिक संख्या) + tama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्रमवाचक (ordinal) adhyāyaḥ प्रति
adhyāyaḥchapter
adhyāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
ekona-navatitamaḥeighty-ninth (one less than ninety)
ekona-navatitamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootekona (प्रातिपदिक) + navati (प्रातिपदिक संख्या) + tama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रमवाचक (ordinal) adhyāyaḥ प्रति
adhyāyaḥchapter
adhyāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
rājāthe king
rājā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
vicitramwonderful/strange
vicitram:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootvicitra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (idam प्रति)
idamthis
idam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
ākhyātamhas been narrated
ākhyātam:
Kriyā (क्रिया; ‘has been narrated’)
TypeVerb
Rootkhyā (धातु) उपसर्ग-ā + √khyā → ākhyāta (कृदन्त; क्त-प्रत्यय, PPP)
Formक्तान्त (PPP) used predicatively; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
bhagavanO venerable one
bhagavan:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन
bhavatāby you
bhavatā:
Karaṇa (करण/Agent-instrument; ‘by you’)
TypeNoun
Rootbhavat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन
mamato me/of me
mama:
Sampradāna/Sambandha (सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध; recipient ‘to me’)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन
devyāḥof the Goddess
devyāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootdevī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन
carita-māhātmyamthe greatness of (her) deeds
carita-māhātmyam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject apposition to idam)
TypeNoun
Rootcarita (प्रातिपदिक) + māhātmya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
raktabīja-vadha-āśritambased on the slaying of Raktabīja
raktabīja-vadha-āśritam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootraktabīja (प्रातिपदिक) + vadha (प्रातिपदिक) + āśrita (कृदन्त; √śri/श्रि with ā, past participle ‘resting on/based on’)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्तान्त-विशेषण (carita-māhātmyam प्रति)
Speakers
Rājā (king) speaking to the sage-narrator (ṛṣi) within the Devī Māhātmyam frame
Primary Deities
Devī
Shakti Aspects
Devī Māhātmya as a whole; focus shifts toward Śumbha-Niśumbha episode continuation
Key Themes
Textual colophonFrame dialogueInquiry/śravaṇa (listening)

FAQs

The king’s response models śraddhā and inquiry: sacred narration is not passive entertainment but prompts further questioning aimed at understanding the unfolding of dharma and divine agency.

The explicit ‘manvantara’ marker places the episode within Manvantara-lakṣaṇa. The colophon also reflects Purāṇic textual organization used to anchor sacred history in cosmic time.

The transition signals a movement from one conquered inner tendency (self-replicating negativity) to the next confrontation (Śumbha/Niśumbha: pride and possessiveness), mirroring progressive purification.

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