Shloka 43

Adhyaya 81 — Suratha and Samadhi Seek Sage Medhas; Introduction to Mahamaya and the Madhukaitabha Origin Account

Sanskrit

तया विसृज्यते विश्वं जगदेतच्चराचरम् । सैषा प्रसन्ना वरदा नृणां भवति मुक्तये ॥

Transliteration

tayā visṛjyate viśvaṃ jagad etac carācaram | saiṣā prasannā varadā nṛṇāṃ bhavati muktaye ||

Translation

ด้วยพระนางนี้เอง จักรวาลทั้งปวง—โลกที่เคลื่อนไหวและไม่เคลื่อนไหว—จึงอุบัติขึ้น เมื่อพระนางทรงเมตตา พระนางย่อมเป็นผู้ประทานพรแก่มนุษย์และนำไปสู่โมกษะ.

Word by Word

• तया: by her
• तया: करण (Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे तृतीया-विभक्तिः (करण/Instrumental), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम-रूपम्

• विसृज्यते: is created/emitted
• विसृज्यते: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि√सृज् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारः (Present), प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्; कर्मणि-प्रयोगः (Passive)

• विश्वम्: the universe
• विश्वम्: कर्ता (Subject in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• जगत्: the world
• जगत्: कर्ता (Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (to जगत्)

• चराचरम्: moving and unmoving
• चराचरम्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चर + अचर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समासः (चरम् च अचरम् च); नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (to जगत्)

• सा: she
• सा: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• एषा: this (very one)
• एषा: कर्ता (Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; निर्देशार्थक-रूपम्

• प्रसन्ना: gracious/pleased
• प्रसन्ना: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रसन्न (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √सद्/सद् with प्र)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; भूतकृदन्त-विशेषणम्

• वरदा: giver of boons
• वरदा: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वरद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (to सा)

• नृणाम्: of men
• नृणाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (सम्बन्ध/Genitive), बहुवचनम्

• भवति: becomes/is
• भवति: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारः (Present), प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• मुक्तये: for liberation
• मुक्तये: सम्प्रदान (Purpose/Dative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे चतुर्थी-विभक्तिः (सम्प्रदान/Dative), एकवचनम्

Speakers

• Medhas Ṛṣi (teaching) to King Suratha (and the merchant Samādhi) within the Devī Māhātmya frame

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devī (Śakti)

Shakti Aspects

• Mahāmāyā / Yogamāyā (implied as the cosmic power)

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Cosmology
• Liberation (Mokṣa)
• Grace (Anugraha)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The Devī is presented as both the cosmic cause (manifestation of the world) and the soteriological cause (bestower of mokṣa). Ethically, this supports devotion and surrender: liberation is not merely effort-based but also depends on divine grace.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily aligns with Sarga/Pratisarga themes (manifestation/projection of the cosmos), while also pointing to Mokṣa as a theological ‘fruit’ emphasized in Māhātmya sections beyond strict pañcalakṣaṇa taxonomy.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Moving and unmoving’ indicates totality (sentient and insentient). The same power that externalizes multiplicity can, when ‘prasannā’, reverse the bondage of multiplicity and reveal liberation—suggesting Śakti as both veiling (āvaraṇa) and revealing (anugraha).