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Shloka 105

Adhyaya 8 — Harishchandra’s Trial: Truth, the Sale of Family, and Bondage to a Chandala

Sanskrit

इदं राज्ञेऽपि देयञ्च षड्भागन्तु शवं प्रति । त्रयस्तु मम भागाः स्युर्द्वौ भागौ तव वेतनम् ॥

Transliteration

idaṃ rājñe 'pi deyañ ca ṣaḍ-bhāgaṃ tu śavaṃ prati / trayas tu mama bhāgāḥ syur dvau bhāgau tava vetanam

Translation

“สิ่งนี้ก็ต้องถวายแก่พระราชา; ส่วนศพให้แบ่งเป็นหกส่วน สามส่วนเป็นของเรา; สองส่วนเป็นค่าจ้างของเจ้า”

Word by Word
इदम्this
इदम्:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun ‘this’ (here: nominative as subject)
राज्ञेto the king
राज्ञे:
सम्प्रदान (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन; Dative singular
अपिalso
अपि:
सम्बन्ध (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात; particle ‘also/even’
देयम्should be given
देयम्:
विधेय (Predicate/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Root√दा (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त)
Formभाव्य/कर्तव्य अर्थे यत्-प्रत्यय (gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘to be given’
चand
च:
सम्बन्ध (Connector/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय; conjunction
षड्भागम्six shares (a sixth portion)
षड्भागम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootषट्-भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विगु-समास (षट् + भाग), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; Accusative singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात; adversative/emphatic particle
शवम्the corpse
शवम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; Accusative singular
प्रतिwith regard to
प्रति:
सम्बन्ध (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्ग/अव्यय; preposition-like ‘towards/with regard to’
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; Numeral used substantively ‘three’
तुindeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात; emphatic
ममmy
मम:
सम्बन्ध (Possessor/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी, एकवचन; Genitive singular ‘of me/my’
भागाःshares/portions
भागाः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभाग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; Nominative plural
स्युःshould be
स्युः:
क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्-लकार (optative), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; ‘would be/should be’
द्वौtwo
द्वौ:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; Numeral ‘two’
भागौshares
भागौ:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभाग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; Nominative dual
तवyour
तव:
सम्बन्ध (Possessor/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी, एकवचन; Genitive singular ‘of you/your’
वेतनम्wages/payment
वेतनम्:
विधेय (Predicate/विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootवेतन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; Nominative singular
Speakers
Likely the Caṇḍāla (or corpse-handler) speaking terms to the other party; exact identities not recoverable from excerpt alone
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bibhatsa", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes
Royal dues and taxation motifEthics of profit from deathSocial economy around funerary spacesContractual speech in narrative

FAQs

Even in morally compromised contexts, the narrative depicts ‘order’ via rules: shares, wages, and royal dues. This can be read as a critique—worldly greed extends even into death—while also illustrating how dharma and adharma can be entangled in social practice.

Ākhyāna/Upākhyāna: a story detail illustrating social norms and moral texture, not a cosmological or genealogical unit.

The ‘division into shares’ can symbolize the fragmentation of embodied existence (the body reduced to portions) and the commodification of the perishable. The mention of the king’s due suggests the inescapability of worldly authority even at the threshold of death.

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