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Shloka 42

Adhyaya 77Sanjna’s Withdrawal from Surya: The Birth of Yama and Yamuna, and the Emergence of Chhaya

संवत्सरभ्रमेस् तस्य विश्वकर्मा करावेस्ततः ।

तेजसः शातनञ्चक्रे स्तूयमानश्च दैवतैः ॥

saṃvatsara-bhrames tasya viśvakarmā karaves tataḥ / tejasaḥ śātanaṃ cakre stūyamānaś ca daivataiḥ

ครั้นเมื่อสิ้นสุดวัฏจักรแห่งปี พระวิศวกรรมันซึ่งได้รับการสรรเสริญจากเหล่าเทพ ได้กระทำการลดทอนรัศมีของสุริยะลง।

संवत्सरभ्रमेin the course of a year’s circuit
संवत्सरभ्रमे:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location-time)
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर-भ्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन; काल/अवधि-निर्देशः
तस्यof him
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन
विश्वकर्माViśvakarman
विश्वकर्मा:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootविश्वकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
करावेshould do / would do
करावे:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (√कृ धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन, परस्मैपदम्; पाठभेदः सम्भाव्यः (करावेत्)
ततःthereafter
ततः:
क्रम/हेतु-निर्देश (Sequencing)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; तस्मात्/अनन्तरम् (ablatival adverb: then/thereafter)
तेजसःof the radiance
तेजसः:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
शातनम्reduction
शातनम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootशातन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
चक्रेdid, performed
चक्रे:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (√कृ धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन, आत्मनेपदम्
स्तूयमानःbeing praised
स्तूयमानः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (Subject-qualifier)
TypeVerb
Rootस्तु (√स्तु धातु) + यमान (कर्मणि वर्तमान-कृदन्त)
Formकर्मणि वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (present passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘विश्वकर्मा’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
and
:
समुच्चय (Coordinator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय
दैवतैःby the gods
दैवतैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument-Agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootदैवत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन
Narrative voice
SūryaViśvakarmanDevas
Cosmic calibrationTime-cycle (saṃvatsara)Deva praise (stuti)Sustaining order

FAQs

Reform takes time and proper timing; the year-cycle suggests that moderation of force is aligned with ṛta (cosmic rhythm), not impulsive reaction.

Manvantara narrative with cosmological time-markers: it ties divine action to temporal cycles, supporting the Purāṇic account of world-order maintenance.

The ‘year’s circuit’ mirrors prāṇic cycles; as excess tejas is harmonized, the devas (inner faculties) ‘praise’ because the system becomes balanced and luminous.