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Shloka 51

Adhyaya 74King Svarashtra, the Deer-Queen’s Curse, and the Rise of Tamasa Manu

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।

ततः पिता यथावृत्तं स्वराज्यच्यवनादिकम् ।

तस्याचष्टे महाबाहुः पुत्रस्य जगतीपतिः ॥

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca tataḥ pitā yathāvṛttaṃ svarājyacyāvanādikam / tasyācaṣṭe mahābahuḥ putrasya jagatīpatiḥ

มารกัณฑยะกล่าวว่า: แล้วบิดาได้เล่าเหตุการณ์ทั้งหมดแก่เขา เริ่มตั้งแต่การสูญเสียอาณาจักรของตนเอง พระผู้เป็นใหญ่แห่งโลกผู้มีพาหาอันเกรียงไกรได้อธิบายแก่บุตรของตน।

मार्कण्डेयःMārkaṇḍeya
मार्कण्डेयः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमार्कण्डेय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
ततःthen
ततः:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; तस्मात्/ततः = ‘then/thereupon’ (adverb)
पिताthe father
पिता:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
यथा-वृत्तम्as it occurred; the whole account
यथा-वृत्तम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object/Account)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय) + वृत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘as it happened’
स्व-राज्य-च्यवन-आदिकम्(events) such as the loss of his own kingdom, etc.
स्व-राज्य-च्यवन-आदिकम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object/Content)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक) + राज्य (प्रातिपदिक) + च्यवन (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (determinative); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘etc. beginning with the fall from his own kingdom’
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
आचष्टेrelates / tells
आचष्टे:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चक्ष् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
महाबाहुःmighty-armed
महाबाहुः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा (प्रातिपदिक) + बाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; epithet
पुत्रस्यof (his) son
पुत्रस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
जगतीपतिःlord of the earth (king)
जगतीपतिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootजगती (प्रातिपदिक) + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
Markandeya narrating (frame narration); embedded father-to-son account
Royal dharmaFall and restoration motifTransmission of history (itihāsa-like narration)

FAQs

Kingship is portrayed as contingent upon dharma and fate; the proper response to reversal is truthful narration, counsel, and corrective action rather than despair.

Vaṃśa (dynastic narrative) in service of Manvantara (periodization by Manus): personal royal events become the causal prelude to a Manu’s era.

The ‘loss of kingdom’ can symbolize the soul’s loss of sovereignty through adharma/ignorance, and its recovery through right knowledge and empowered action.