Shloka 31

Adhyaya 70 — The King Confronts the Rakshasa and Restores the Brahmin’s Wife

Sanskrit

नीयतां यस्य भार्येयं तस्य वेश्म निशाचर ।

अस्मिन् कृते कृतं सर्वं गृहमभ्यागतस्य मे ॥

Transliteration

nīyatāṃ yasya bhāryeyaṃ tasya veśma niśācara |

asmin kṛte kṛtaṃ sarvaṃ gṛham abhyāgatasya me ||

Translation

โอ้ผู้ท่องราตรี จงพานางไปยังเรือนของบุรุษผู้ซึ่งนางเป็นภรรยา เมื่อสิ่งนี้สำเร็จแล้ว สำหรับเราผู้มาเป็นอาคันตุกะในเรือนนี้ ทุกประการย่อมสำเร็จลุล่วง

Word by Word

• nīyatām: let (her) be led/taken
• nīyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nī (धातु)
• Form: लकारः—लोट् (Imperative/आज्ञार्थ), पुरुषः—प्रथम (3rd), वचनम्—एकवचन (Singular), पदम्—आत्मनेपदम्; कर्मणि-प्रयोगः (Passive)

• yasya: of whom/whose
• yasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• bhāryā: wife
• bhāryā: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• iyam: this
• iyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• tasya: of him/to him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• veśma: to the house
• veśma: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Goal-Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: veśman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (गन्तव्य-स्थानार्थे)

• niśācara: O night-roamer (demon)
• niśācara: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niśācara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• asmin: in this (matter)
• asmin: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• kṛte: when (this) is done
• kṛte: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—क्त (Past Passive Participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; अर्थः—‘when this is done/after this is done’

• kṛtam: (is) done/accomplished
• kṛtam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—क्त (Past Passive Participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भावे प्रयोगः—‘is accomplished’

• sarvam: all/entire
• sarvam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• gṛham: the household/home
• gṛham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• abhyāgatasya: of the arrived guest
• abhyāgatasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-ā-gam (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—क्त (Past Active/Passive participial usage), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; ‘of the one who has come/arrived’

• me: my/of me
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive) एकवचन (enclitic)

Speakers

• king to rākṣasa (as framed by narration)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Atithi-dharma (guest duty)
• Restoration of household order
• Kingship and social harmony

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The king frames the resolution as fulfilling obligations toward an ‘abhyāgata’ (guest), highlighting atithi-dharma and the ruler’s role in restoring social bonds (marriage/household stability).

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary narrative emphasizing dharma and social order; not a pancalakṣaṇa core unit.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘guest’ motif can signify the unexpected arrival of karma’s consequence; when properly ‘received’ (addressed), disorder is resolved and the inner household (mind) regains harmony.