Shloka 30

Adhyaya 70 — The King Confronts the Rakshasa and Restores the Brahmin’s Wife

Sanskrit

अस्यास्त्वयाद्य ब्राह्मण्या दौःशील्यमुपभुज्यताम् ।

येन त्वयात्तदौःशील्या तद्विनीता भवेदियम् ॥

Transliteration

asyās tvayādya brāhmaṇyā dauḥśīlyam upabhujyatām |

yena tvayātta-dauḥśīlyā tad-vinītā bhaved iyam ||

Translation

วันนี้จงกลืนกินและขจัดความประพฤติชั่วของสตรีพราหมณ์ผู้นี้เสีย เพื่อว่าเมื่อความชั่วนั้นถูกกำจัดโดยเจ้าแล้ว นางจักเป็นผู้มีวินัยและได้รับการฝึกฝนอย่างดี

Word by Word

• asyāḥ: of this woman/her
• asyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), षष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• adya: today; now
• adya: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (temporal adverb)

• brāhmaṇyāḥ: of the Brahmin woman
• brāhmaṇyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brāhmaṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), षष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)

• dauḥśīlyam: misconduct; bad character
• dauḥśīlyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dauḥśīlya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular)

• upabhujyatām: let (it) be enjoyed/used
• upabhujyatām: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa-√bhuj (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive): 'let it be enjoyed/experienced'

• yena: by which
• yena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• atta: taken; seized
• atta: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√dā (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); 'taken/appropriated'

• tad-dauḥśīlyā: that misconduct (just mentioned)
• tad-dauḥśīlyā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad + dauḥśīlya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुषः: 'that misconduct' (as a named/that-mentioned misconduct)

• tad-vinītā: disciplined/controlled thereby
• tad-vinītā: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad + vinīta (प्रातिपदिक; √nī with vi- + kta)
• Form: कृदन्त-विशेषण (PPP used adjectivally), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुषः: 'disciplined/controlled by that'

• bhavet: may become; would be
• bhavet: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• iyam: this (woman)
• iyam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

Speakers

• king to rākṣasa

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Moral reform
• Householder ethics
• Use/abuse of power

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse presents a problematic but clear ethic: character faults, not the person, are targeted for removal. Yet it also warns how ‘correction’ can be outsourced to violent means, raising questions about dharmic methods.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Didactic upākhyāna used to explore dharma in domestic life; not sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Consuming dauḥśīlya’ can symbolize the extraction of tamasic/rajasic tendencies by confronting them. The rākṣasa represents a fierce force that can ‘eat’ impurities—but such force must be governed by discernment.