Shloka 14

Adhyaya 60 — Descriptions of Kimpurusha-varsha, Hari-varsha, Ilavrita (Meru-varsha), Ramyaka, and Hiranyamaya

Sanskrit

तस्मादथोत्तरं वर्षं नाम्ना ख्यातं हिरण्मयम् ।

हिरण्वती नदी यत्र प्रभूतकमलोज्ज्वला ॥

Transliteration

tasmād athottaraṃ varṣaṃ nāmnā khyātaṃ hiraṇmayam |

hiraṇvatī nadī yatra prabhūta-kamalo-jjvalā ||

Translation

ทางเหนือจากนั้นมีแคว้นอีกแห่งหนึ่งมีชื่อเลื่องลือว่า ‘หิรัณมยะ’ ที่นั่นแม่น้ำ ‘หิรัณวตี’ ส่องประกายงดงาม อุดมด้วยดอกบัวเป็นอันมาก

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: from that; thereafter
• तस्मात्: Apadana (अपादान/Ablative-source)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तस्मात् = तद्-शब्दस्य पञ्चमी एकवचन (Ablative singular) ‘from that’; वाक्ये हेत्वर्थ/अनन्तरार्थे अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (particle: then/now)

• उत्तरम्: northern; next
• उत्तरम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; वर्षम् इति विशेषणम्

• वर्षम्: region/continent (varṣa)
• वर्षम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• नाम्ना: by name
• नाम्ना: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; करण/हेतौ—‘by name’

• ख्यातम्: known, called
• ख्यातम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ख्यात (कृदन्त) √ख्या (धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; क्त/PPP—‘known/called’ वर्षम् इति विशेषणम्

• हिरण्मयम्: golden
• हिरण्मयम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हिरण्मय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘golden’ वर्षम् इति विशेषणम्

• हिरण्वती: gold-bearing
• हिरण्वती: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हिरण्वती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; नदी इति विशेषणम् (‘having gold/abounding in gold’)

• नदी: river
• नदी: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सम्बन्धबोधक देशवाचक (relative locative adverb: where)

• प्रभूत-कमल-उज्ज्वला: bright with abundant lotuses
• प्रभूत-कमल-उज्ज्वला: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रभूत + कमल + उज्ज्वल (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—प्रभूतानि कमलानि यस्यां/यत्र तैः उज्ज्वला; नदी इति विशेषणम्

Speakers

• Narrative description (cosmographic narration; speaker not explicit in this verse-unit)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Sacred Geography
• Rivers and auspicious landscape imagery

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Purāṇic river-and-lotus imagery encodes auspiciousness: fertility, purity, and prosperity—suggesting that cosmic order (ṛta/dharma) manifests as beauty and abundance.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Falls under 'Sthāna'—mapping the ordered cosmos through named regions and their landmark rivers.

What is the esoteric significance?

The 'golden' (hiraṇmaya) motif can be read as a symbol of luminous subtlety; the lotus-laden river evokes the flowering of consciousness in a purified realm.