Shloka 66

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

सोऽस्थिमज्जागतः पुंसां बलमत्त्यजितात्मनाम् ।

श्येन-काक-कपोताṃश्च गृध्रोलूकैश्च वै सुतान् ॥

Transliteration

so 'sthi-majjā-gataḥ puṃsāṃ balam atty ajitātmanām | śyena-kāka-kapotāṃś ca gṛdhra-olūkaiś ca vai sutān ||

Translation

เขาแทรกเข้าสู่กระดูกและไขกระดูกของมนุษย์ แล้วกลืนกินกำลังของผู้ไร้การสำรวมตน และยังมีบุตรที่มีรูปเป็นเหยี่ยว อีกา นกพิราบ แร้ง และนกฮูกด้วย

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• अस्थि-मज्जा-गतः: having entered the bones and marrow
• अस्थि-मज्जा-गतः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अस्थि (प्रातिपदिक) + मज्जा (प्रातिपदिक) + गत (कृदन्त; √गम् धातु)
• Form: समासः (अस्थि-मज्जा इति द्वन्द्व + गतः इति तत्पुरुष-प्रायः) ‘अस्थि-मज्जायां गतः/प्रविष्टः’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण

• पुंसाम्: of men
• पुंसाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुंस्/पुमांस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• बलम्: strength
• बलम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• अत्ति: eats/devours
• अत्ति: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अद् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• अजित-आत्मनाम्: of the self-uncontrolled
• अजित-आत्मनाम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अजित (कृदन्त; √जि धातु) + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः बहुव्रीहि (yeṣām ātmā ajitaḥ = whose self is unconquered/uncontrolled); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; पुंसाम् इत्यस्य विशेषण

• श्येन-काक-कपोतान्: hawks, crows, and pigeons
• श्येन-काक-कपोतान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्येन (प्रातिपदिक) + काक (प्रातिपदिक) + कपोत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः द्वन्द्व (śyenāḥ ca kākāḥ ca kapotāḥ ca); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• गृध्र-उलूकैः: by vultures and owls
• गृध्र-उलूकैः: Karana (करण/Instrument/Agentive means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृध्र (प्रातिपदिक) + उलूक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः द्वन्द्व (gṛdhrāḥ ca ulūkāḥ ca); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)

• सुतान्: sons/offspring
• सुतान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन

Speakers

• Narrative voice within the dharma/omen discourse

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "raudra", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Loss of vitality through adharma
• Self-control (dama) as protection
• Ominous animal/bird symbolism

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Self-mastery is framed as a shield for vitality; lack of restraint allows ‘Piśuna’ (malice/inner corruption) to consume one’s strength at the deepest level (bone and marrow). The bird-forms signal visible omens of invisible moral decay.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Not sarga/pratisarga; it is dharma-upadeśa through narrative typology, loosely attached to lineage-description (offspring-forms).

What is the esoteric significance?

Bone and marrow represent the innermost support of embodied life; the teaching is that unethical speech/intent penetrates to the ‘structural’ level of the person, not merely the surface.