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Shloka 40

Adhyaya 43Portents of Death (Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇas) and the Yogin’s Response; Alarka Renounces Kingship

ज्ञात्वा कालञ्च तं सम्यगभयस्थानमाश्रितः ।

युञ्जीत योगी कालोऽसौ यथा नास्याफलो भवेत् ॥

jñātvā kālañ ca taṃ samyag abhayasthānam āśritaḥ / yuñjīta yogī kālo 'sau yathā nāsyāphalo bhavet

ครั้นรู้กาลนั้นโดยถูกต้องแล้ว พึงอาศัยภาวะแห่งความไร้ความหวาดกลัวเป็นที่พึ่ง แล้วโยคีพึงประกอบโยคะ—เพื่อมิให้กาลนั้นเป็นหมันแก่ตน.

ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
पूर्वकालक्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव/Absolutive), ‘having known’
कालम्time
कालम्:
कर्म (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Acc.), एकवचन
and
:
समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (समुच्चय/Conjunction)
तम्that
तम्:
कर्म (Object/Complement)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Acc.), एकवचन; refers to time/that (state)
सम्यक्properly, correctly
सम्यक्:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverb)
अभयस्थानम्a place of safety
अभयस्थानम्:
कर्म (Object of आश्रितः)
TypeNoun
Rootअभयस्थान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Acc.), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: अभयस्य स्थानम्
आश्रितःhaving taken refuge (in)
आश्रितः:
कर्ता (Agent/Subject)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + श्रि (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/PPP used actively), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘having resorted to’
युञ्जीतshould practice (yoga)
युञ्जीत:
विधेय क्रिया (Injunctive action)
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष? (actually 3rd person), एकवचन; ‘should practice/apply’
योगीthe yogi
योगी:
कर्ता (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयोगिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
कालःtime
कालः:
कर्ता (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
असौthat (indeed)
असौ:
विशेष्य-निर्देश (Deictic apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; deictic pronoun ‘this/that (yonder)’
यथाso that
यथा:
उद्देश्य/प्रयोजन (Purpose marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (सम्बन्धबोधक/Conjunction ‘so that/as’)
not
:
निषेध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (निषेध/Negation particle)
अस्यfor him, of him
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम्/तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Gen.), एकवचन; ‘of him/for him’
अफलःfruitless
अफलः:
विधेय (Predicate complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootअफल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; predicate adjective
भवेत्might become / should be
भवेत्:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
Instructional voice addressing King Alarka (ālarka)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

YogaFearlessness (abhaya)Right timing (kāla)Spiritual urgency

FAQs

When confronted with mortality or crisis, the correct response is not despair but intensified sādhana grounded in fearlessness; time becomes meaningful when used for inner realization.

It is a mokṣa-oriented ethical injunction within narrative, not a lakṣaṇa section; it exemplifies the Purāṇic function of spiritual instruction.

‘Abhayasthāna’ indicates stabilization in the witnessing Self; from that center, even ‘kāla’ (death/time) is transmuted into a catalyst for liberation.