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Shloka 29

Adhyaya 26Madālasa Names Alarka and Reorients Him Toward Kshatriya Duty

पितरो देवलोकस्थास्तथा तिर्यक्त्वमागताः ।

तद्वन्मनुष्यतां याता भूतवर्गे च संस्थिताः ॥

pitaro deva-loka-sthās tathā tiryaktvam āgatāḥ / tadvan manuṣyatāṃ yātā bhūta-varge ca saṃsthitāḥ //

บรรพชนอาจพำนักอยู่ในเทวโลก; หรืออาจไปสู่ภาวะแห่งสัตว์เดรัจฉาน; หรืออาจได้สถานะเป็นมนุษย์; หรืออาจสถิตอยู่ท่ามกลางหมู่ภูต (bhūta) ก็ได้.

पितरःthe fathers/ancestors
पितरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन
देवलोक-स्थाःdwelling in the world of the gods
देवलोक-स्थाः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक) + लोक (प्रातिपदिक) + स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समास: सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष (देवलोके स्थाः = situated in heaven)
तथाlikewise
तथा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकार/समुच्चयार्थे (so/likewise)
तिर्यक्त्वम्animal state
तिर्यक्त्वम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतिर्यक् (प्रातिपदिक) + त्व (तद्धित)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन; भाववाचक-तद्धित (state of being an animal)
आगताःhave attained/come to
आगताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + गम् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त: क्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; अर्थ: ‘having come/attained’
तद्वत्similarly, like that
तद्वत्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्वत् (अव्यय/तद्धित)
Formअव्यय; ‘like that’ (तद् + वत्)
मनुष्यताम्human state
मनुष्यताम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्यता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन; भाववाचक (human state)
याताःhave gone to/attained
याताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formकृदन्त: क्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; अर्थ: ‘having gone/attained’
भूत-वर्गेin the class of beings
भूत-वर्गे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootभूत (प्रातिपदिक) + वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन; समास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (भूतानां वर्गः)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
संस्थिताःare situated/established
संस्थिताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + स्था (धातु)
Formकृदन्त: क्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; अर्थ: ‘situated/established’
Jaḍa to Madālasā
TransmigrationPitṛ-loka and afterlifeCosmology (realms of beings)Ritual obligation across states

FAQs

Because the departed may exist in varied states, śrāddha/tarpaṇa is framed as universally beneficial—supporting ancestors regardless of their post-mortem destination.

Touches cosmological worldview (loka-vyavasthā) but remains within Anucarita/dharma instruction rather than formal Sarga/Manvantara exposition.

The verse encodes a ‘networked’ cosmos: offerings act as subtle transfers (saṃbandha) across planes. It also implies compassion beyond certainty—ritual as a hedge against epistemic limits about the dead’s condition.