Shloka 27

Adhyaya 12 — The Son Describes the Narakas: Mahāraurava, Tamas, Nikṛntana, Apratiṣṭha, Asipatravana, and Taptakumbha

Sanskrit

पत्राणि तत्र खङ्गानां फलानि द्विजसत्तमम् ।

श्वानश्च तत्र सबलाः स्वनन्त्ययुतशोभिताः ॥

Transliteration

patrāṇi tatra khaṅgānāṃ phalāni dvijasattamam | śvānaś ca tatra sabalāḥ svananty ayutaśobhitāḥ ||

Translation

โอ ผู้ประเสริฐในหมู่ทวิชะ! ที่นั่นใบไม้เป็นดาบ และผลไม้ก็เป็นดาบด้วย อีกทั้งมีสุนัขกำยำ น่ากลัวด้วยเสียงหอนและเสียงร้องนานาประการ

Word by Word

• पत्राणि: leaves
• पत्राणि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), बहुवचन; nominative plural

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (adverb of place)

• खङ्गानाम्: of swords
• खङ्गानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: खङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), बहुवचन; genitive plural

• फलानि: fruits
• फलानि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), बहुवचन; nominative plural; predicate/apposition to पत्राणि

• द्विजसत्तमम्: O best of twice-born
• द्विजसत्तमम्: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज + सत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8), एकवचन; vocative singular; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (द्विजानां सत्तमः)

• श्वानः: dogs
• श्वानः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; nominative plural

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (adverb of place)

• सबलाः: strong
• सबलाः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सबल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; agreeing with श्वानः

• स्वनन्ति: howl / make noise
• स्वनन्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्वन् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; present indicative 3rd plural

• अयुतशोभिताः: adorned with/attended by myriads
• अयुतशोभिताः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अयुत + शोभित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (शोभित); समासः—तत्पुरुष (अयुतेन शोभिताः = adorned/attended by ten-thousands)

Speakers

• Narrator addressing a dvija (listener)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "raudra", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Punitive landscape
• Fear and pursuit
• Consequences of adharma

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The environment itself becomes hostile—suggesting that harmful intentions eventually ‘weaponize’ one’s world; fear and pursuit mirror inner guilt and unresolved wrongdoing.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ethical/dharma supplement within the Purāṇic corpus; not a direct pancalakṣaṇa narrative segment.

What is the esoteric significance?

Sword-leaves and predatory dogs symbolize cutting speech/actions and their aftermath: the very ‘fruits’ of desire become instruments of pain.