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Shloka 42

Brāhmaṇa-māhātmya: Tārkṣya’s instruction on tapas, satya, and svadharma

Chapter 182

ब्रह्म च ब्राह्मणत्वं च येन त्वाहमचूचुदम्‌ । सत्यं दमस्तपो दानमहिंसा धर्मनित्यता,राजन! उनका ब्रह्म-ज्ञान और ब्राह्मणत्व देखकर भी मुझे बड़ा विस्मय हुआ। इसीलिये इस विषयमें मैंने तुमसे पहले प्रश्न किया था। राजन! सत्य, इन्द्रियसंयम, तपस्या, दान, अहिंसा और धर्मपरायणता--ये सदगुण ही सदा मनुष्योंको सिद्धिकी प्राप्ति करानेवाले हैं, जाति और कुल नहीं। ये रहे तुम्हारे भाई महाबली भीमसेन, जो सर्वथा सकुशल हैं। महाराज! तुम्हारा कल्याण हो, अब मैं पुनः स्वर्गलोकको जाऊँगा

sarpa uvāca | brahma ca brāhmaṇatvaṃ ca yena tvāham acūcudam | satyaṃ damas tapo dānam ahiṃsā dharma-nityatā, rājan |

“ข้าพเจ้าพิศวงด้วยความรู้ยิ่งในพรหมันและความเป็นพราหมณ์แท้ของเขา จึงได้ถามท่านก่อนในเรื่องนี้ โอ้ราชา ความสัตย์ การสำรวมอินทรีย์ ตบะ การให้ทาน อหิงสา และความมั่นคงในธรรม—คุณธรรมเหล่านี้เท่านั้นที่นำมนุษย์ไปสู่ความสำเร็จ มิใช่ชาติกำเนิดหรือวงศ์ตระกูล”

ब्रह्मBrahman; sacred knowledge/absolute
ब्रह्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ब्राह्मणत्वम्Brahminhood; the state of being a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणत्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मणत्व
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
येनby which; whereby
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
त्वाyou
त्वा:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormAccusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
अचूचुदम्I urged/impelled; I pressed (you)
अचूचुदम्:
TypeVerb
Rootचुद्
FormPerfect (Reduplicated past), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दमःself-control (sense-restraint)
दमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तपःausterity; penance
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दानम्gift; charity
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अहिंसाnon-violence
अहिंसा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहिंसा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मनित्यताconstancy in dharma; steadfast righteousness
धर्मनित्यता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मनित्यता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

सर्प उवाच

S
Sarpa (the serpent)
R
Rājan (the king, addressed)

Educational Q&A

Spiritual attainment and true brahminhood are determined by virtues—truthfulness, self-restraint, austerity, generosity, non-violence, and steadfastness in dharma—rather than by birth, caste, or lineage.

The serpent, addressing the king, explains why he questioned him: he was astonished at the presence of genuine Brahman-realization and brahmin-like qualities. He then states an ethical principle that virtue—not family or caste—leads to success and spiritual fulfillment.