Shloka 8

Prākṛta-pralaya, Pratisarga Doctrine, and the Ishvara-Samanvaya of Yoga and Devotion

Devanagari script

शिरः कपालैर्देवानां कृतस्त्रग्वरभूषणः / आदित्यचन्द्रादिगणैः पूरयन् व्योममण्डलम्

Transliteration

śiraḥ kapālairdevānāṃ kṛtastragvarabhūṣaṇaḥ / ādityacandrādigaṇaiḥ pūrayan vyomamaṇḍalam

Translation

ทรงประดับด้วยพวงมาลัยอันวิจิตรและเครื่องอลังการอันประเสริฐที่รังสรรค์จากกะโหลกของเหล่าเทพ แล้วทรงทำให้ท้องฟ้ากว้างไพศาลเต็มไปด้วยหมู่อาทิตย์ จันทร์ และดวงสว่างทั้งหลาย.

Word by Word

• śiraḥ: head
• śiraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śiras (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• kapālaiḥ: with skulls
• kapālaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kapāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• devānām: of the gods
• devānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• kṛtaḥ: made/formed
• kṛtaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛ (कृ धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (कृत्प्रत्ययान्त—क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• strak: garland
• strak: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: stras/strak (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); used as first member in compound

• vara: excellent
• vara: —
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); used as qualifier in compound

• bhūṣaṇaḥ: ornament
• bhūṣaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); in compound with strak+vara

• kṛta-strak-vara-bhūṣaṇaḥ: having as ornament a fine garland (made)
• kṛta-strak-vara-bhūṣaṇaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta (कृ धातु+क्त) + strak (प्रातिपदिक) + vara (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) adjective: ‘whose ornament is an excellent garland made (of skulls)’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• āditya: Sun
• āditya: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: āditya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); first member in compound

• candra: Moon
• candra: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: candra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); member in compound

• ādi: and others
• ādi: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ādi (प्रातिपदिक/avyaya-like in compounds)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय) used as compound element meaning ‘etc./beginning with’

• gaṇaiḥ: by groups/hosts
• gaṇaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• āditya-candra-ādi-gaṇaiḥ: by the hosts of Sun, Moon, etc.
• āditya-candra-ādi-gaṇaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āditya (प्रातिपदिक) + candra (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (अव्यय) + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound: ‘hosts beginning with Sun and Moon’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• pūrayan: filling
• pūrayan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pṝ (पॄ धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
• Form: Present active participle (वर्तमानकृदन्त—शतृ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• vyoma-maṇḍalam: the sphere of the sky
• vyoma-maṇḍalam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyoman (प्रातिपदिक) + maṇḍala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound; Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

Speaker

Sūta (narrator) describing Rudra/Maheśvara within the Kurma Purana’s discourse

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Rudra
• Devas
• Aditya (Sun)
• Chandra (Moon)

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

By portraying the deity as one who pervades and “fills” the entire sky-sphere with cosmic powers, the verse points to a supreme principle that is not confined to a single form but is all-encompassing and sovereign over the universe.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No specific technique is prescribed in this verse; instead, it supports a contemplative practice of dhyāna on the cosmic form (viśvarūpa/maheśvara-dhyāna), where the yogin meditates on the Lord as the indwelling power behind the luminaries and the expanse of space.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

While the imagery is explicitly Rudra-centric, the Kurma Purana’s broader Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis treats such cosmic sovereignty as a shared marker of the Supreme—supporting a non-sectarian reading in which the highest reality is one, expressed through Shiva/Rudra and Vishnu/Kurma in different theological registers.