Shloka 79

Aśauca-vidhi — Rules of Birth/Death Impurity, Sapinda Circles, and Śrāddha Sequence

Devanagari script

सकृत्प्रसिञ्चन्त्युदकं नामगोत्रेण वाग्यताः / दशाहं बान्धवैः सार्धं सर्वे चैवार्द्रवाससः

Transliteration

sakṛtprasiñcantyudakaṃ nāmagotreṇa vāgyatāḥ / daśāhaṃ bāndhavaiḥ sārdhaṃ sarve caivārdravāsasaḥ

Translation

เมื่อสำรวมวาจา แล้วกล่าวนามและโคตร เขาทั้งหลายพรมน้ำเพียงครั้งเดียว; และตลอดสิบวันอยู่ร่วมกับญาติพี่น้อง ทุกคนสวมผ้าเปียกชื้น

Word by Word

• सकृत्: once
• सकृत्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सकृत् (अव्यय)
• Form: काल/परिमाणार्थक-अव्यय; adverb ‘once’

• प्रसिञ्चन्ति: they sprinkle/pour
• प्रसिञ्चन्ति: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√सिच् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; parasmaipada

• उदकम्: water
• उदकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; accusative singular

• नाम-गोत्रेण: with (the) name and gotra
• नाम-गोत्रेण: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाम (प्रातिपदिक) + गोत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन; द्वन्द्व (itaretara) ‘by (uttering) name and lineage’

• वाक्-यताः: restrained in speech
• वाक्-यताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वाक् (प्रातिपदिक) + यत (कृदन्त; √यम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त ‘restrained in speech’

• दश-अहम्: for ten days
• दश-अहम्: Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दश (प्रातिपदिक) + अहन्/अह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; द्विगु-समास ‘ten days’ (as duration)

• बान्धवैः: with relatives
• बान्धवैः: Sahakari (सहकारी/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बान्धव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), बहुवचन; instrumental plural

• सार्धम्: together with
• सार्धम्: Sahakari (सहकारी/सह)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्धम् (अव्यय)
• Form: सहार्थक-अव्यय; adverb/preposition ‘together with’

• सर्वे: all (of them)
• सर्वे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; nominative plural

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय; ‘and’

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय; ‘indeed’

• आर्द्र-वाससः: wearing wet clothes
• आर्द्र-वाससः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आर्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + वासस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय ‘wearing wet garments’

Speaker

Sūta (narrator) conveying the prescribed dharma of antyeṣṭi to the sages (Kurma Purana discourse context)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• udaka
• nāma
• gotra
• bāndhava

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: by prescribing disciplined rites for the departed, it reflects the Purāṇic view that embodied life is transient while the self’s journey is governed by dharma; ritual restraint (silence, purity) supports right orientation toward the unseen order (ṛta/dharma).

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

A discipline akin to niyama is implied: vāg-yama (restraint of speech) and regulated conduct for ten days. Though not āsana/prāṇāyāma, it is a dharmic form of self-control that the Kurma Purana treats as supportive of higher spiritual life.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Not explicitly; yet the Kurma Purana’s synthesis frames such dharma-vidhi as universally valid within a shared Shaiva–Vaishnava sacred order—where correct rites and inner restraint are honored across both traditions.