Shloka 4

Brahmacārin-Dharma: Guru-Sevā, Daily Vedic Study, Gāyatrī-Japa, and Anadhyāya Regulations

Devanagari script

नीचं शय्यासनं चास्य सर्वदा गुरुसन्निधौ / गुरोस्तु चक्षुर्विषये न यथेष्टासनो भवेत्

Transliteration

nīcaṃ śayyāsanaṃ cāsya sarvadā gurusannidhau / gurostu cakṣurviṣaye na yatheṣṭāsano bhavet

Translation

เมื่ออยู่ต่อหน้าพระคุรุ พึงวางที่นอนและที่นั่งของตนให้ต่ำกว่าเสมอ และในสายตาของพระคุรุ อย่านั่งตามใจอย่างลำพองหรือชะล่าใจ

Word by Word

• nīcam: low
• nīcam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nīca (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-रूपेण द्वितीया-एकवचन (adverbial accusative): 'low/down'

• śayyā-āsanam: bed and seat
• śayyā-āsanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śayyā (प्रातिपदिक) + āsana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; द्वन्द्व-समासः: शय्या च आसनं च

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunctive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• asya: of him/for him
• asya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• sarvadā: always
• sarvadā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sarvadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• guru-sannidhau: in the presence of the teacher
• guru-sannidhau: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक) + sannidhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः: गुरोः सन्निधिः

• guroḥ: of the teacher
• guroḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• tu: indeed/but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषार्थक-अव्यय (particle: 'but/indeed')

• cakṣuḥ-viṣaye: within the range of (his) sight
• cakṣuḥ-viṣaye: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cakṣus (प्रातिपदिक) + viṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः: चक्षुषः विषयः

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• yathā-iṣṭa-āsanaḥ: one who sits as he likes
• yathā-iṣṭa-āsanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + iṣṭa (कृदन्त, √iṣ) + āsana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव-समासः: यथेष्टम् (as one likes) + आसनः; 'sitting as he pleases'

• bhavet: should be
• bhavet: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (भू धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधि), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; निषेधेन 'न भवेत्' = 'should not be'

Speaker

Traditional narration within the Kurma Purana’s dharma-teaching discourse (instructional voice attributed to the Purāṇic teacher; commonly framed as Lord Kūrma’s teaching tradition).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Guru
• Śiṣya (disciple)

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it teaches vinaya (humility) and self-restraint, which purify the mind; such purification is a prerequisite for realizing the Atman in the Purāṇic yoga-dharma framework.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

It highlights foundational discipline akin to yama/niyama—especially humility, reverence to the teacher, and regulated conduct—seen as preparatory supports for higher practices (japa, dhyāna, and Śiva-Viṣṇu-oriented devotion) emphasized in Kurma Purana’s yoga teachings.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Not explicitly; the verse focuses on guru-śiṣya etiquette. In the Kurma Purana’s broader synthesis, such disciplined devotion to the Guru supports realization of the one Supreme (often expressed through Śiva-Viṣṇu unity) taught across its yoga and dharma sections.