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Shloka 45

Commencement of the Upari-bhāga: The Sages Request Brahma-vidyā; Vyāsa Recalls the Badarikā Inquiry and Śiva–Viṣṇu Theophany

निशम्य विष्णुवचनं प्रणम्य वृषभध्वजम् / सनत्कुमारप्रमुखाः पृच्छन्ति स्म महेश्वरम्

niśamya viṣṇuvacanaṃ praṇamya vṛṣabhadhvajam / sanatkumārapramukhāḥ pṛcchanti sma maheśvaram

ครั้นได้สดับพระดำรัสของพระวิษณุแล้ว และนอบน้อมแด่พระศิวะผู้มีธงรูปโค สนะตกุมารและฤๅษีผู้เป็นใหญ่ทั้งหลายจึงเริ่มทูลถามพระมหेशวร

निशम्यhaving heard
निशम्य:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootनि + शम् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having heard/listened’
विष्णुवचनम्Viṣṇu’s statement
विष्णुवचनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु + वचन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: विष्णोः वचनम् ‘Viṣṇu’s words’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (accusative), एकवचन
प्रणम्यhaving bowed
प्रणम्य:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + नम् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having bowed’
वृषभध्वजम्the bull-bannered one (Śiva)
वृषभध्वजम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ + ध्वज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि: यस्य ध्वजः वृषभः सः; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (accusative), एकवचन
सनत्कुमारप्रमुखाः(the sages) headed by Sanatkumāra
सनत्कुमारप्रमुखाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसनत्कुमार + प्रमुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष: सनत्कुमारः प्रमुखः येषाम् ते ‘those headed by Sanatkumāra’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (nominative), बहुवचन
पृच्छन्तिask
पृच्छन्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ् (धातु)
Formलट् (present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन
स्म(indeed/then)
स्म:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्म (अव्यय)
Formस्म-निपात (particle), भूतार्थ/अनुस्मरण (often marks past narrative with present tense)
महेश्वरम्Maheśvara (Śiva)
महेश्वरम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय: महान् ईश्वरः; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (accusative), एकवचन

Suta (narrator) describing the sages’ action; the next discourse is prompted toward Shiva (Maheshvara).

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

V
Vishnu
S
Shiva (Maheshvara)
V
Vṛṣabhadhvaja
S
Sanatkumara

FAQs

Indirectly: it frames the Ishvara-centered inquiry—after hearing Viṣṇu, the sages turn to Mahēśvara, signaling the Purana’s non-sectarian approach where realization of the Supreme is pursued through disciplined questioning and devotion to Īśvara.

The verse sets the stage for Pāśupata-oriented instruction: the sages first perform praṇāma (humble surrender) and then engage in śāstric inquiry (praśna). In the Kurma Purana’s Ishvara Gita context, this becomes the doorway to yogic discipline, inner restraint, and contemplation taught by Śiva.

By sequencing: the sages hear Viṣṇu’s words and then bow to Śiva to receive teaching, reflecting the Kurma Purana’s Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis—both deities function as authoritative gateways to the same supreme truth.