Shloka 41
Bhārgava Rāma at Māhiṣmatī: Narmadā-stuti and the Challenge to Kārttavīryārjuna
Devanagari script
यथा गजेन्द्रो मदयुक्समन्ततो नालं वनं भर्द्दयति प्रधावन् / तथैव रामो ऽपि मनोनिलौजा विमर्द्दयामास नृपस्य सेनाम्
Transliteration
yathā gajendro madayuksamantato nālaṃ vanaṃ bharddayati pradhāvan / tathaiva rāmo 'pi manonilaujā vimarddayāmāsa nṛpasya senām
Translation
ดุจพญาช้างเมามันวิ่งพล่านเหยียบย่ำป่านาลาโดยรอบ ฉันใด พระรามผู้มีกำลังดุจลมแห่งจิตก็ย่ำยีทัพของพระราชาฉันนั้น
Word by Word
yathājust as
yathā:
Upamāna-upameya-sambandha (उपमा-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormComparative/relative particle (यथार्थे अव्यय) introducing simile
gaja-indraḥthe lord of elephants
gaja-indraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of ‘bharddayati’)
TypeNoun
Rootgaja (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (षष्ठी) ‘lord of elephants’; Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
mada-yukin rut/intoxicated
mada-yuk:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmada (प्रातिपदिक) + yuk (√yuj धातु, क्त/क्विप्-प्रत्ययान्त)
FormTatpuruṣa ‘joined with rut/intoxication’; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifying ‘gajendraḥ’
samantataḥon all sides
samantataḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsamantataḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (परितः-अर्थे अव्यय)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेधक अव्यय)
alamable/sufficient
alam:
Sāmarthya (सामर्थ्य/Ability marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootalam (अव्यय)
FormParticle meaning ‘sufficient/able’ (समर्थ्यवाचक अव्यय)
vanamforest
vanam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of ‘bharddayati’)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
bharddayaticrushes/tramples
bharddayati:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootbhard (धातु; variant of mṛd/ard ‘to crush’ in epic usage)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada
pradhāvanrunning forth
pradhāvan:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Concurrent action)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√dhāv (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifying ‘gajendraḥ’
tathāso/thus
tathā:
Upameya-link (उपमेय-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormCorrelative adverb (तथार्थे अव्यय)
evaindeed
eva:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (अवधारण अव्यय)
rāmaḥRama
rāmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of ‘vimarddayāmāsa’)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
apialso
api:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Also)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (सम्भावना/समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय)
mano-anila-ojāḥhaving the force/swiftness of mind and wind
mano-anila-ojāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmanas (प्रातिपदिक) + anila (प्रातिपदिक) + ojas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi ‘whose speed/force is like mind and wind’; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifying ‘rāmaḥ’
vimarddayāmāsacrushed/ground down
vimarddayāmāsa:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootmṛd (धातु) + vi-
FormPeriphrastic perfect (लिट्/परस्मैपद; आमास-योग), 3rd person, Singular
nṛpasyaof the king
nṛpasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th), Singular
senāmarmy
senām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootsenā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd), Singular