Shloka 22
Adhyaya 234 — The Threefold Suffering and the Path to Ultimate Dissolution
Devanagari script
केन बन्धेन बद्धो ऽहं कारणं किम् अकारणम् किं कार्यं किम् अकार्यं वा किं वाच्यं किं न चोच्यते //
Translation
ไม่ได้ให้บทสันสกฤตต้นฉบับของโศลกนี้ จึงไม่อาจแปลได้อย่างถูกต้องตามความหมายเดิม
Word by Word
kenaby what
kena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Neuter/Masculine (नपुंसक/पुं), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
bandhenaby bondage/bond
bandhena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbandha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
baddhaḥbound
baddhaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√bandh (बन्ध्) (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/कर्मणि), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
kāraṇamcause
kāraṇam:
Prashna-predicative (प्रश्न-विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Rootkāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन); here as predicate nominative in question
kimwhat
kim:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन)
akāraṇamnon-cause / causelessness
akāraṇam:
Prashna-predicative (प्रश्न-विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Roota- (उपसर्ग/नञ्) + kāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन); negative (नञ्)
kimwhat
kim:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन)
kāryamwhat should be done (duty)
kāryam:
Prashna-predicative (प्रश्न-विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Rootkārya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन)
kimwhat
kim:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन)
akāryamwhat should not be done (forbidden)
akāryam:
Prashna-predicative (प्रश्न-विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Roota- (नञ्) + kārya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन); negative (नञ्)
vāor
vā:
Vikalpa (विकल्प)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्पबोधक अव्यय)
kimwhat
kim:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन)
vācyamwhat is to be said
vācyam:
Prashna-predicative (प्रश्न-विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Root√vac (वच्) (धातु)
FormGerundive (तव्यत्/भावे), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन)
kimwhat
kim:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेधक अव्यय)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
ucyateis said
ucyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच्) (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Passive voice (कर्मणि), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
Speaker
Not specified in the provided excerpt (general didactic narration).