Atharva Veda 18.3.44 — Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 3, Mantra 44

Sukta 3

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अग्नि॑ष्वात्ताः पितर॒ एह ग॑च्छत॒ सदः॑सदः सदत सुप्रणीतयः । अ॒त्तो ह॒वींषि॒ प्रय॑तानि ब॒र्हिषि॑ र॒यिं च॑ नः॒ सर्व॑वीरं दधात

IAST Transliteration

agníṣvāttāḥ pítara éha gácchata sádaḥ-sadaḥ sadata supráṇītayaḥ | áttó havī́ṃṣi práyatāni barhíṣi rayíṃ ca naḥ sárvavīraṃ dadhāta

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Ye Fathers, Agni-fed, come hither; sit ye down, seat after seat, ye rightly guided. As eaters, eat the oblations duly set upon the sacred grass, and bestow on us wealth, with all brave offspring.

Translation

โอ้บรรพชนผู้ได้รับส่วนที่อัคนี (Agni) ได้เสวยแล้ว จงมาที่นี่เถิด; จงนั่งลงทีละที่นั่ง โอ้ผู้ได้รับการนำทางอันดี. ในฐานะผู้เสวย จงเสวยเครื่องบูชาที่จัดวางอย่างถูกต้องบนหญ้าพิธี (barhis) และโปรดประทานทรัพย์แก่เรา พร้อมทั้งลูกหลานผู้กล้าหาญครบถ้วน.

Word by Word

• अग्निष्वात्ताः: O fathers ‘offered to/through Agni’ (Agni-fed/Agni-consecrated)
• अग्निष्वात्ताः: Kartā (vocative-addressed group; syntactically subject of imperatives)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively for ‘pitṛs’)
• Root: अग्निष्वात्त (प्रातिपदिक; अग्नि + स्वात्त)

• पितरः: O Fathers (ancestors)
• पितरः: Kartā / संबोधन (addressed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikaraṇa (place)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• गच्छत: come / go (hither)!
• गच्छत: (predicate; action enjoined to addressees)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्

• सदःसदः: at each seat/assembly; seat after seat
• सदःसदः: Adhikaraṇa (circumstantial: ‘at every sitting/assembly’)
• Type: Noun (reduplicated/iterative compound-like usage)
• Root: सदस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सदत: sit down!
• सदत: (predicate; action enjoined)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सद्

• सुप्रणीतयः: well-led / well-guided (ones)
• सुप्रणीतयः: Kartā / संबोधन (epithet of the Pitṛs)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: सुप्रणीत (प्रातिपदिक; सु- + प्र-नीत, PPP of √नी)

• अत्तः: eaters / partakers
• अत्तः: Kartā (doers/consumers of the offering)
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: अत्तृ (प्रातिपदिक; agent noun from √अद् ‘to eat’)

• हवींषि: oblations
• हवींषि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रयतानि: prepared, duly arranged
• प्रयतानि: Karma (qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रयत (प्रातिपदिक; PPP from √यम् with प्र- ‘prepared/arranged’)

• बर्हिषि: on the sacred grass (barhis)
• बर्हिषि: Adhikaraṇa (locus)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बर्हिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• रयिम्: wealth, abundance
• रयिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रयि (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• नः: to us / for us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (enclitic pronoun)

• सर्ववीरम्: rich in all heroes/sons; having all valiant offspring
• सर्ववीरम्: Karma (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्ववीर (प्रातिपदिक; सर्व + वीर)

• दधात: bestow / place (grant)!
• दधात: (predicate; requested action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा

Attribution

Rishi: Traditionally Atharvanic/Pitṛ-hymn seers (Anukramaṇī attribution for AV 18.3 is Pitṛ-oriented; consult edition-specific Anukramaṇī for exact name)

Devata: Pitaraḥ (Agni-mediated Fathers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like cadence (editional metrical classification varies within AV 18.3)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: vira