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Sutra 10

यदि वा मन्येत प्रत्यादेयं प्रकृतिकोपकं दीर्घकालं महाक्षयव्ययमल्पमनर्थानुबन्धमकल्यमधर्म्यं मध्यमोदासीनविरुद्धं मित्रोपघातकं वा कार्यं परः साधयिष्यति विपरीतमहमित्येतस्मिन्विशेषे परिपणितार्थं संधिमुपेयात् ॥ कZ_०७.६.१० ॥

yadi vā manyeta pratyādeyaṃ prakṛtikopakaṃ dīrghakālaṃ mahākṣayavyayam alpam anarthānubandham akalyam adharmyaṃ madhyamodāsīnaviruddhaṃ mitropaghātakaṃ vā kāryaṃ paraḥ sādhayiṣyati viparītam aham ity etasmin viśeṣe paripaṇitārthaṃ saṃdhim upeyāt

หากเขาเห็นว่าฝ่ายตรงข้ามจะทำให้สำเร็จซึ่งกิจ/เป้าหมายที่ (i) อาจถูกย้อนกลับได้ (ii) ยั่วยุองค์ประกอบของรัฐ (iii) ยืดเยื้อยาวนาน (iv) มีความสูญเสียและรายจ่ายมาก (v) ได้ผลประโยชน์น้อย (vi) มีผลร้ายตามมา (vii) อัปมงคลและอธรรม (viii) เป็นปฏิปักษ์ต่ออำนาจระดับกลางและอำนาจเป็นกลาง หรือ (ix) ทำร้ายพันธมิตร—ขณะที่ตนสามารถทำสิ่งตรงข้ามได้—ก็พึงอาศัยความได้เปรียบนี้เข้าทำสนธิสัญญาที่มีเงื่อนไขซึ่งต่อรองและคำนวณไว้แล้ว (paripaṇita)

यदिif
यदि:
TypeParticle
Rootयद्
Formconditional particle (yadi)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formdisjunctive particle
मन्येत(he) should think/consider
मन्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
Form3rd person singular, optative (vidhi-liṅ), parasmaipada in usage; present stem; ‘should think/consider’
प्रत्यादेयम्to be taken back; recoverable/returnable
प्रत्यादेयम्:
TypeParticiple/Adjectival noun
Rootप्रति-आ-दा (√दा)
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; gerundive (kṛtya) sense: ‘to be taken back/returned’
प्रकृति-कोपकम्provoking the state’s constituents; causing disaffection among the prakṛtis
प्रकृति-कोपकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकुप् (√कुप्)
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; tatpuruṣa: ‘(that which) causes anger/alienation of the prakṛtis’
दीर्घ-कालम्for a long time
दीर्घ-कालम्:
TypeAdverbial (accusative of extent)
Rootकाल
Formaccusative singular used adverbially: ‘for a long time’
महा-क्षय-व्ययम्involving great loss and expense
महा-क्षय-व्ययम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षि (√क्षि) / व्यय
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; compound expressing ‘great loss and expenditure’
अल्पम्small; slight
अल्पम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्प
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular
अनर्थ-अनुबन्धम्followed by mischief; having harmful consequences
अनर्थ-अनुबन्धम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुबन्ध
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; ‘having/entailing a sequel of harm’
अकल्यम्inauspicious; not beneficial
अकल्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकल्य
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; negated adjective
अधर्म्यम्unrighteous; against law/duty
अधर्म्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; ‘contrary to dharma’
मध्यमम्(involving) the middle king / intermediate power
मध्यमम्:
TypeAdjective (political category)
Rootमध्य
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; used substantively as a category
उदासीनम्(involving) the neutral (king)
उदासीनम्:
TypeAdjective (political category)
Rootउदासीन
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; used substantively as a category
विरुद्धम्hostile; opposed
विरुद्धम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविरुध् (√रुध् with vi-)
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular
मित्र-उपघातकम्harmful to an ally; injuring a friend
मित्र-उपघातकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootघात (√हन्)
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; ‘causing injury to a friend’
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formdisjunctive particle
कार्यम्an undertaking; a task/measure
कार्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकृ (√कृ)
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular
परःanother (person/king); the other party
परः:
TypePronoun/Adjective (substantive)
Rootपर
Formmasculine nominative singular
साधयिष्यतिwill accomplish/bring about
साधयिष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootसाध् (√साध्)
Form3rd person singular, simple future (luṭ), parasmaipada
विपरीतम्the opposite; contrary (result)
विपरीतम्:
TypeAdjective (used predicatively)
Rootवि-परि-इ (from विपरीत)
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form1st person singular nominative
इतिthus
इति:
TypeQuotative particle
Rootइति
Formend-quote marker
एतस्मिन्in this
एतस्मिन्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formmasculine/neuter locative singular
विशेषेin the special case; in this particular situation
विशेषे:
TypeNoun
Rootविशेष
Formmasculine locative singular
परिपणित-अर्थम्with terms duly bargained/settled
परिपणित-अर्थम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपण् (√पण्)
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular; ‘whose object/terms are bargained/settled’
सन्धिम्a treaty; peace/compact
सन्धिम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसन्धि
Formmasculine accusative singular
उपेयात्should enter into; should resort to
उपेयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-इ (√इ)
Form3rd person singular, optative (vidhi-liṅ), parasmaipada; ‘should resort to/enter into’
V
vijigīṣu (implied ruler)
P
para (opponent)
P
prakṛtis (state elements)
M
madhyama (middle power)
U
udāsīna (neutral power)
M
mitra (ally)

FAQs

When the opponent’s likely objective is strategically costly/unstable/illegitimate and harms one’s alliances and the wider balance, while one can achieve the opposite outcome—then treaty terms should be calculated and secured.

Because treaty choices are evaluated not only against the direct enemy but also against how they shift the regional balance and third-party reactions.