Previous Verse
Next Verse

Agni Purana — Yoga & Brahma-vidya, Shloka 39

Adhyāya 379 — अद्वैतब्रह्मविज्ञानम्

Advaita-brahma-vijñāna

रजोवाच श्रेयो ऽर्थमुद्यतः प्रष्टुं कपिलर्षिमहं द्विज तस्यांशः कपिलर्षेस्त्वं मत् कृते ज्ञानदो भुवि ज्ञानवीच्युदछेर्यस्माद्यच्छ्रेयस्तच्च मे वद

rajovāca śreyo 'rthamudyataḥ praṣṭuṃ kapilarṣimahaṃ dvija tasyāṃśaḥ kapilarṣestvaṃ mat kṛte jñānado bhuvi jñānavīcyudacheryasmādyacchreyastacca me vada

พระราชาตรัสว่า “โอทวิชะ ข้าพเจ้ามุ่งไปเพื่อทูลถามฤๅษีกปิละด้วยเหตุแห่งศฺเรยัส ท่านเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของฤๅษีกปิละนั้น และเป็นผู้ประทานความรู้บนแผ่นดินเพื่อข้าพเจ้า ดังนั้นเมื่อคลื่นแห่งญาณได้บังเกิดจากท่านแล้ว โปรดบอกข้าพเจ้าว่า อะไรเล่าคือศฺเรยัสอันแท้จริง”

राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
श्रेयःthe good/the highest good
श्रेयः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन
अर्थम्for the sake (of)
अर्थम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रयोजनार्थे (as purpose)
उद्यतःintent/ready
उद्यतः:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउद् + यम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle used adjectivally: ‘ready/intent’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
प्रष्टुम्to ask
प्रष्टुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Infinitival purpose)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + शस्/पृच्छ् (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृदन्त)
Formतुमुनन्त (infinitive)
कपिल-ऋषिम्sage Kapila
कपिल-ऋषिम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकपिल (प्रातिपदिक) + ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः कर्मधारय (Kapila who is a sage), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन
द्विजO brāhmaṇa
द्विज:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विगु-समास, पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
तस्यof him/of that (Kapila)
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
अंशःa portion/part
अंशः:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootअंश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कपिल-ऋषेःof sage Kapila
कपिल-ऋषेः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootकपिल (प्रातिपदिक) + ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः कर्मधारय, पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन
मत्-कृतेfor my sake
मत्-कृते:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + कृते (कृदन्त; कृ धातु + क्त)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास (mat + kṛte), हेत्वर्थे (for my sake), एकरूप-अव्यय
ज्ञान-दःgiver of knowledge
ज्ञान-दः:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक) + द (धातु/प्रातिपदिक ‘giver’)
Formसमासः तत्पुरुष (giver of knowledge), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
भुविon earth
भुवि:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootभू (स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिक ‘earth’)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन
ज्ञान-वीचिa stream of knowledge
ज्ञान-वीचि:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक) + वीचि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः तत्पुरुष (wave/stream of knowledge), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
उदचेर्rose/flowed forth (text uncertain)
उदचेर्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + अञ्च्/अच् (धातु; ‘to rise/go up’)
Formलिट्/लुङ्-पाठभेदसम्भव; रूपं संदिग्धम् (corrupt reading). सम्भाव्यः: लिट् (Perfect) प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन ‘उदचेर्/उदचेर्’ (archaic)
यस्मात्from whom/from which
यस्मात्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसम्बन्धवाचक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun), पुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसम्बन्धवाचक-सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
श्रेयःthe highest good
श्रेयः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
and
:
Avyaya (अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
मेto me/for me
मे:
Sampradāna/Sambandha (सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, षष्ठी/चतुर्थी (Genitive/Dative), एकवचन
वदtell
वद:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवद् (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Rajo (Raja/Rajo as a questioning interlocutor in the Kapila-jnana context)

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Philosophy","secondary_vidya":"Samanya","practical_application":"Establishing the student’s intent (śreyas) and the authority-lineage (Kapila) to frame a Sankhya-oriented liberation inquiry.","sutra_style":false}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Commentary","entry_title":"Śreyas inquiry and Kapila lineage of knowledge","lookup_keywords":["śreyas","kapila","jnana","samvada","adhikara"],"quick_summary":"The king declares his pursuit of the highest good and recognizes the teacher as Kapila’s representative, setting the stage for a structured teaching on ultimate welfare."}

Alamkara Type: Stuti (praise) within dialogue; metaphor ‘knowledge-wave’ (jnana-vici)

Concept: Mumukshutva (desire for the highest good) and guru-sambandha (right teacher connection) are prerequisites for liberating knowledge.

Application: Before study, articulate the goal (‘śreyas/paramārtha’) and approach a competent teacher with humility and precise questions.

Khanda Section: Jnana-yoga / Sankhya-oriented Upadesha (Kapila-samvada context)

Primary Rasa: Shanta

Secondary Rasa: Adbhuta

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A king respectfully petitions a Brahmin teacher identified with Kapila’s wisdom, with a visual motif of ‘waves of knowledge’ emanating from the teacher’s speech.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, king with folded hands, sage seated, stylized blue-white wave patterns flowing from the sage’s mouth as symbolic jnana-vici, palm trees and hermitage backdrop.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting, teacher under a canopy-like arch, gold leaf radiance around the sage, the king offering a garland, decorative wave motifs in the border to signify knowledge.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore style, classroom-like hermitage scene with palm-leaf manuscripts, the king pointing to a manuscript as he asks about śreyas, gentle shading and precise linework.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, refined dialogue in a garden pavilion, the king’s attendants behind, the sage calm, subtle cloud-like wave forms near the sage to indicate ‘knowledge-wave’."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Shankarabharanam","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"epic"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: राजोवाच = राजा + उवाच; श्रेयोऽर्थम् = श्रेयः + अर्थम्; अर्थमुद्यतः = अर्थम् + उद्यतः; कपिलर्षिमहम् = कपिलऋषिम् + अहम्; कपिलर्षेस्त्वम् = कपिलऋषेः + त्वम्; मৎ कृते (पाठ) = मत् + कृते; ज्ञानवीच्युदचेर् (पाठ) = ज्ञानवीचि + उदचेर्; यच्छ्रेयः = यत् + श्रेयः; तच्च = तत् + च.

Related Themes: Agni Purana Kapila/Sankhya-related chapters and moksha-dharma discussions; Agni Purana sections on guru, vrata, and discipline as preparatory means

K
Kapila

FAQs

This verse frames a jñāna-vidyā inquiry: the seeker asks for the definition and means of attaining śreyas (ultimate welfare/liberation), invoking Kapila’s authority (Sāṅkhya-style spiritual knowledge) rather than a specific ritual procedure.

It exemplifies how the Agni Purana includes philosophical instruction alongside ritual, law, and other sciences—here, it positions a formal inquiry into śreyas and knowledge-lineage (Kapila) as part of its broad compendium of Puranic learning.

Spiritually, it emphasizes śreyas over mere worldly gain and presents sincere inquiry (jijñāsā) and reception of true knowledge from an authentic source as a direct purifier and a gateway to liberation-oriented living.