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Shloka 20

सीतानिवर्तनप्रयत्नः

Rama’s Attempt to Dissuade Sita from Forest Exile

नदी निलयना स्सर्पा नदीकुटिलगामिनः।तिषठ्न्त्यावृत्य पन्थानं ततो दुःखतरं वनम्।।.2.28.20।।

nadī-nilayanāḥ sarpā nadī-kuṭila-gāminaḥ |

tiṣṭhanty āvṛtya panthānaṃ tato duḥkhataraṃ vanam ||2.28.20||

నదుల్లో నివసించే, నదిలా వంకరగా కదిలే సర్పాలు మార్గాలను మూసి పొంచి ఉంటాయి; అందుచేత వనవాసం అత్యంత దుఃఖకరం।

nadīnilayanāḥdwelling in rivers
nadīnilayanāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootnadī (नदी) + nilayana (निलयन)
FormTatpuruṣa (river-abode); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; qualifies sarpāḥ
sarpāḥserpents
sarpāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsarpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
nadīkuṭilagāminaḥmoving in winding ways like a river
nadīkuṭilagāminaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootnadī (नदी) + kuṭila (कुटिल) + gāmin (गामिन्)
FormTatpuruṣa (river-like-crooked-going); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; qualifies sarpāḥ
tiṣṭhantistand/stay
tiṣṭhanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootsthā (स्था धातु)
FormLaṭ lakāra (Present), Prathama puruṣa, Bahuvacana
āvṛtyahaving blocked/covered
āvṛtya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया/Preceding action)
TypeVerb
Rootā-vṛt (आ-वृत् धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ktvā-artha), avyaya-kṛdanta; expresses prior action
panthānamthe path
panthānam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootpanthā (पन्था प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā vibhakti, Ekavacana
tataḥtherefore
tataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु/Reason marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (therefore)
duḥkhataraṃmore painful
duḥkhataraṃ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootduḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + tara (तरप् प्रत्यय)
FormComparative, Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate for vanam
vanamforest life
vanam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

The serpents that live in and move like meandering rivers always obstruct the paths. Therefore, living in the forest is tremendously difficult.

R
Rāma
S
Sītā
N
nadī (river)

FAQs

Dharma-guided counsel is concrete, not abstract: Rāma teaches that wise decisions consider practical obstacles and safety.

Rāma intensifies his warning by describing hidden, ambushing dangers that obstruct movement in the wilderness.

Discernment (viveka) and care—warning a loved one with specific, experience-based detail.