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Shloka 31

Dharma of the Renunciant: Alms Discipline, Meditation, and Expiations

तेन धारयितव्या वै प्राणायामास्तु षोडश । दिवास्कंदे त्रिरात्रं स्यात्प्राणायामशतं बुधाः

tena dhārayitavyā vai prāṇāyāmāstu ṣoḍaśa | divāskaṃde trirātraṃ syātprāṇāyāmaśataṃ budhāḥ

అందుచేత పదహారు ప్రాణాయామాలను నిశ్చయంగా ఆచరించవలెను. దివాస్కంద సమయమున మూడు రాత్రులు, జ్ఞానులు వంద ప్రాణాయామాలను విధించుచున్నారు।

tenaby that; therefore
tena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
dhārayitavyāḥto be performed; should be practiced
dhārayitavyāḥ:
Vidheyaviśeṣaṇa (विधेयविशेषण) of Karta
TypeAdjective
Root√dhṛ (धातु) + ṇic? (causative sense not required) + tavya (तव्य) → dhārayitavya (कृदन्त प्रातिपदिक)
FormKṛdanta (कृदन्त), gerundive/obligative (तव्यत्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); agrees with 'prāṇāyāmāḥ'
vaiindeed; certainly
vai:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), particle (निपात): emphasis/assurance
prāṇāyāmāḥbreath-control practices; prāṇāyāmas
prāṇāyāmāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootprāṇāyāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
tuindeed; and
tu:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), particle (निपात): emphasis
ṣoḍaśasixteen
ṣoḍaśa:
Saṅkhyā-viśeṣaṇa (संख्याविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootṣoḍaśan (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral adjective (संख्या), indeclinable-like in form here; used as count qualifier of 'prāṇāyāmāḥ': 'sixteen'
divāby day
divā:
Kālādhi karaṇa (कालाधिकरण) (adverbial time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdivā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण): 'by day; in daytime'
skaṃdeif he slips/falls (morally)
skaṃde:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√skand (धातु)
FormVidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्, optative), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
trirātrama period of three nights
trirātram:
Karta (कर्ता) (of 'syāt')
TypeNoun
Roottri (संख्याप्रातिपदिक) + rātra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); Dvigu (द्विगु) compound: 'three nights' as a unit
syātshould be; would be
syāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√as (धातु)
FormVidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्, optative), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
prāṇāyāma-śatama hundred prāṇāyāmas
prāṇāyāma-śatam:
Karta (कर्ता) (predicate-noun with 'syāt')
TypeNoun
Rootprāṇāyāma (प्रातिपदिक) + śata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) (ṣaṣṭhī): 'a hundred (count) of prāṇāyāmas'
budhāḥthe wise (men); sages
budhāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (implied speaker/authority)
TypeNoun
Rootbudha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); used as संबोधनार्थ/कर्तृवाचक: 'the wise (say/know)'

Unspecified (context-dependent narrator/instructor within Svargakhaṇḍa)

Concept: Prāṇāyāma is prescribed in specific counts and intensified over a three-night period to purify and stabilize the practitioner.

Application: Adopt measured breath practice (within one’s capacity and guidance), using consistent counts and short observances to reset the nervous system and attention.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Type: celestial_realm

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A disciplined ascetic sits in padmāsana beside a small sacred fire, counting breaths with a mālā as the air around him subtly ripples. Over three nights, the sky shifts from dusk to star-filled midnight to pre-dawn, suggesting the prescribed intensification and the quiet power of regulated prāṇa.","primary_figures":["ascetic practitioner (yati)"],"setting":"forest hermitage with yajña-kuṇḍa, kusa mat, starry sky, minimal ritual implements","lighting_mood":"divine radiance","color_palette":["midnight blue","ember orange","ash white","copper brown","star silver"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: seated yogic ascetic in padmāsana with japa-mālā, a small glowing homa fire, stylized waves of prāṇa shown as gold-leaf filigree around the torso; rich red backdrop, ornate border with lotus and chakra motifs, luminous highlights on fire and beads.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: tranquil night hermitage with delicate stars, the yogin counting breaths, thin smoke from a tiny fire; cool blues and soft browns, refined facial calm, lyrical trees framing the scene.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines, simplified yogin posture, symbolic breath-streams as curved bands, fire rendered in flat orange-red; temple-wall symmetry, strong indigo and ochre palette.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: central yogin framed by concentric lotus rings suggesting breath cycles; border includes crescent moons and stars for the three-night observance; deep blue cloth with gold and white detailing, subtle Vishnu symbols (conch, discus) in corners."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"meditative","suggested_raga":"Yaman","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"serene","sound_elements":["crackling fire","night wind","distant owl","soft bell at intervals"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: prāṇāyāmāstu = prāṇāyāmāḥ + tu; syātprāṇāyāmaśatam = syāt + prāṇāyāma-śatam.

FAQs

It prescribes a disciplined regimen of prāṇāyāma: generally sixteen rounds, and specifically (during the Divāskanda observance) one hundred rounds over a three-night period.

Enumerated prāṇāyāmas function as a measurable form of tapas (austerity) and mental purification, supporting steadiness of mind and ritual focus during a vrata or sacred observance.

The verse emphasizes disciplined, time-bound practice—spiritual progress is framed as consistent effort guided by learned tradition rather than impulse.