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Shloka 86

Adhyaya 14The Messenger of Yama Explains Karmic Retribution and the Causes of Naraka Torments

अन्धोऽथ बधिरो मूको भ्राम्यतेऽयं क्षुधातुरः ।

अकृतज्ञोऽधमः पुंसामुपकारेषु वर्तताम् ॥

andho 'tha badhiro mūko bhrāmyate 'yaṃ kṣudhāturaḥ | akṛtajño 'dhamaḥ puṃsām upakāreṣu vartatām ||

అతడు అంధుడై, తరువాత చెవిటివాడై మూగవాడై, ఆకలితో బాధపడుతూ తిరుగుతాడు—కృతఘ్నుడు ఉపకార-దయాకర్మాలతో జీవించే మనుష్యుల్లో అతి నీచుడు।

andhaḥblind
andhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootandha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (predicative)
athathen/and
atha:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनुक्रम/समुच्चयार्थ (particle: then/and)
badhiraḥdeaf
badhiraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootbadhira (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
mūkaḥmute
mūkaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootmūka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
bhrāmyatewanders/roams
bhrāmyate:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootbhram (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
ayamthis (man)
ayam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
kṣudhā-āturaḥdistressed by hunger
kṣudhā-āturaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣudhā (प्रातिपदिक) + ātura (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास; ‘क्षुधया आतुरः’ (tṛtīyā-tatpurusha sense); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
akṛta-jñaḥungrateful
akṛta-jñaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (निषेध) + kṛta (कृदन्त) + jña (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष/नञ्-समास; ‘कृतं न जानाति’ (ungrateful); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
adhamaḥbase, vile
adhamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootadhama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
puṃsāmof men/people
puṃsām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootpumān (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
upakāreṣuin acts of help/favours
upakāreṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootupakāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन
vartatāmlet them act / of those who behave
vartatām:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvṛt (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative/लोट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद; ‘let them be/act’
Dialogue frame not explicit in the provided excerpt; didactic naraka catalogue.

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaGratitude (kṛtajñatā)Ethics of reciprocityKarma and retribution

FAQs

Gratitude sustains human bonds and dharmic society. Ingratitude is condemned as a foundational vice that dissolves mutual support; the described disabilities signify social-spiritual disconnection.

Dharma and karmaphala teaching; not directly within sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita lists, though it supports vaṃśānucarita ideals of conduct.

Blindness, deafness, and muteness symbolize refusal to ‘see’ benefaction, ‘hear’ counsel, and ‘speak’ acknowledgment—inner moral numbness manifested as outer deprivation.