Atharva Veda 4.19.1: Kanda 4, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 19, Mantra 1

Sukta 19

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अपामार्गः। उ॒तो अ॒स्यब॑न्धुकृदु॒तो अ॑सि॒ नु जा॑मि॒कृत्। उ॒तो कृ॑त्या॒कृतः॑ प्र॒जां न॒डमि॒वा छि॑न्धि॒ वार्षि॑कम्

IAST Transliteration

apāmā́rgaḥ | utó asyábadhukṛ́d utó asi nú jāmikṛ́t | utó kṛtyākṛ́taḥ prajā́ṃ naḍám iva chindhi vā́rṣikam ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Apāmārga—moreover thou mak’st a friend; moreover, now, thou mak’st a kinsman. Moreover, as worker against the Kṛtyā, cut off the folk’s year-haunting ill, as one would cut a reed.

Translation

అపామార్గా! నీవు మరల మిత్రుణ్ని చేయువాడవు; ఇప్పుడు బంధువుని/స్వజనుణ్ని చేయువాడవు. ఇంకా కృత్యా-విరోధి కర్మకర్తగా, ప్రజలపై సంవత్సరమంతా అంటుకొని ఉండే రోగ-దోషాన్ని—నారును కోసినట్లు—కోసి వేరుచేయుము.

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Word by Word

• अपामार्गः: Apāmārga plant (Achyranthes aspera), the agent addressed
• अपामार्गः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपामार्ग (प्रातिपदिक)

• उतो: and also / moreover
• उतो: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• असि: you are
• असि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• बन्धु-कृत्: maker of kin/ally; one who creates friendly bonds
• बन्धु-कृत्: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (agent) / Adjective
• Root: बन्धु (प्रातिपदिक) + कृ (धातु)

• उतो: and also
• उतो: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• असि: you are
• असि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• नु: now / indeed
• नु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु (निपात)

• जामि-कृत्: maker of kinship/one who makes (people) related; reconciler
• जामि-कृत्: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (agent) / Adjective
• Root: जामि (प्रातिपदिक) + कृ (धातु)

• उतो: and also
• उतो: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• कृत्या-कृतः: maker/performer of kṛtyā (sorcery, harmful rite)
• कृत्या-कृतः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (agent) / Adjective
• Root: कृत्या (प्रातिपदिक) + कृ (धातु)

• प्रजाम्: offspring, progeny
• प्रजाम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like / as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• डमि-इव: like a Dami (a kind of noxious being/creature; lit. ‘as a dami’)
• डमि-इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable (comparative phrase)
• Root: डमि (प्रातिपदिक) + इव (निपात)

• छिन्धि: cut off, sever
• छिन्धि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: छिद् (धातु)

• वार्षिकम्: the yearly/annual (evil/affliction); recurring yearly
• वार्षिकम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: वार्षिक (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (not specified in excerpt)

Devata: Apāmārga

Chandas: Mixed/irregular prose-anuṣṭubh style (opening label + anuṣṭubh-like cadence; exact metrical scan uncertain from excerpt)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: shanta