Atharva Veda 15.11.4: Kanda 15, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 11, Mantra 4

Sukta 11

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यदे॑न॒माह॒ व्रात्यो॑द॒कमित्य॒प ए॒व तेनाव॑ रुन्द्धे

IAST Transliteration

yád enam ā́ha vrā́tyó dákam íty apá evá ténā́va runddhe

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

In that he saith unto him, ‘O Vrātya, (here is) water,’—thereby he verily maketh fast the Waters.

Translation

అతడు అతనితో— ‘ఓ వ్రాత్యా, (ఇది) నీరు,’—అని పలికినప్పుడు, ఆ మాట ద్వారానే అతడు జలాలను నిశ్చయంగా బిగించి/స్థిరపరుస్తాడు.

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Word by Word

• यत्: when/that which
• यत्: Adhikaraṇa (clausal/relative link)
• Type: Indeclinable (relative pronoun used as conjunction) / Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• एनम्: him
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; एनद्-आदेश)

• आह: said/called
• आह: (verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अह् (धातु) / √अह् ‘to say’

• व्रात्यः: the Vrātya (outsider/ascetic figure)
• व्रात्यः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रात्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• उदकम्: water
• उदकम्: Karma (object of ‘calls’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदक (प्रातिपदिक)

• इति: ‘thus’/“as”
• इति: (marker of quotation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (निपात)

• अपः: the waters
• अपः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: (emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (निपात)

• तेन: by that/with that
• तेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अव: down/away; (intensifies ‘shut in’)
• अव: (verbal prefix)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: अव (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• रुन्द्धे: shuts in/confines/blocks
• रुन्द्धे: (verb); subject understood = he (Vrātya) or the agent of the act
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुध् (धातु) ‘to obstruct, confine’

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (Vrātya complex)

Devata: Apah (Waters) / Vrātya as recipient-catalyst

Chandas: Ritual prose / explanatory style

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta