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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 52, Shloka 57

गङ्गातरणम्, सुमन्त्र-प्रतिनिवर्तनम्, जटाधारणम्

Crossing the Gaṅgā; Sumantra’s Return; Adoption of Ascetic Signs

चतुर्दश हि वर्षाणि सहितस्य त्वया वने।क्षणभूतानि यास्यन्ति शतसङ्ख्यान्यतोऽन्यथा।।2.52.57।।

caturdaśa hi varṣāṇi sahitasya tvayā vane |

kṣaṇabhūtāni yāsyanti śatasaṅkhyāny ato 'nyathā ||2.52.57||

நான் உம்முடன் வனத்தில் இருந்தால் இந்த பதினான்கு ஆண்டுகள் கணநேரத்தில் கழிந்துவிடும்; இல்லையெனில் அவை நூறு ஆண்டுகள் போல் நீளமாகத் தோன்றும்.

caturdaśafourteen
caturdaśa:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcaturdaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विगु-समासः (catur + daśa = 14) संख्यावाचक; अव्ययवत्/विशेषणरूपेण 'varṣāṇi' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphasis)
varṣāṇiyears
varṣāṇi:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; विभक्तिः 1 (प्रथमा), वचनम् बहुवचनम्
sahitasyaof (one) accompanied
sahitasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootsahita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; विभक्तिः 6 (षष्ठी), वचनम् एकवचनम्; 'मम' (implied) इत्यस्य विशेषणम् = 'of me who is accompanied'
tvayāwith you
tvayā:
Sahakari (सहकारी)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; विभक्तिः 3 (तृतीया), वचनम् एकवचनम्
vanein the forest
vane:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; विभक्तिः 7 (सप्तमी), वचनम् एकवचनम्
kṣaṇa-bhūtāni(as if) moment-like
kṣaṇa-bhūtāni:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः तत्पुरुषः (kṣaṇa-bhūta = 'become a moment'); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; विभक्तिः 1 (प्रथमा), वचनम् बहुवचनम्; विशेषणम् (varṣāṇi)
yāsyantiwill pass/go
yāsyanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√yā (धातु)
Formलकारः लृट् (Future), परस्मैपदम्; पुरुषः 3, वचनम् बहुवचनम्
śata-saṅkhyāni(as) a hundred in number
śata-saṅkhyāni:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootśata (प्रातिपदिक) + saṅkhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः तत्पुरुषः (śata-saṅkhyā = 'having the count of a hundred'); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; विभक्तिः 1/2, वचनम् बहुवचनम्; 'varṣāṇi' इत्यस्य विधेय-विशेषणम् (anyathā इत्यनेन)
ataḥotherwise than this / hence
ataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootataḥ (अव्यय)
Formहेतु/तस्मात्-अर्थक-अव्यय (therefore/otherwise than this)
anyathāotherwise
anyathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanyathā (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (otherwise)

If I accompany you into the forest, fourteen years will pass like a moment, otherwise it will seem like a hundred years.

S
Sumantra
R
Rama
V
vana (forest)

FAQs

Dharma is sustained through presence and shared hardship: accompanying the righteous in difficulty is portrayed as a meaningful, time-transforming commitment.

Sumantra argues emotionally that separation from Rama will make the exile unbearably long, strengthening his plea to accompany him.

Affectionate loyalty—his sense of time and suffering is shaped by closeness to the dharmic figure he serves.