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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 40, Shloka 4

प्रयाणवर्णनम्

Departure from Ayodhya; Civic Lament and the Chariot’s Urgency

तं वन्दमानं रुदती माता सौमित्रिमब्रवीत्।हितकामा महाबाहुं मूध्नर्युपाघ्राय लक्ष्मणम्।।।।

taṃ vandamānaṃ rudatī mātā saumitrim abravīt | hitakāmā mahābāhuṃ mūrdhny upāghrāya lakṣmaṇam ||

வணங்கி நிற்கும் சௌமித்ரி லக்ஷ்மணனைப் பார்த்து, அவன் தாய் சுமித்ரை அழுதபடியே அவன் நலத்தை நாடி, லக்ஷ்மணனின் நெற்றியை முத்தமிட்டு (சிரோ஘்ராணம் செய்து) அந்த மகாபாகுவிடம் உரைத்தாள்.

tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
vandamānam(him) who was saluting
vandamānam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootvand (धातु)
FormPresent participle (शतृ), Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying तम्
rudatīweeping
rudatī:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootrud (धातु)
FormPresent participle (शतृ), Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; qualifying माता
mātāmother
mātā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
saumitramSaumitra (Lakshmana)
saumitram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsaumitra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; patronymic ‘son of Sumitrā’
abravītsaid
abravīt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbrū (धातु)
FormLuṅ (Aorist/लुङ्), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person, Singular
hita-kāmāwishing well
hita-kāmā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothita (प्रातिपदिक) + kāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; ‘desiring his welfare’
mahā-bāhummighty-armed
mahā-bāhum:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; epithet qualifying lakṣmaṇam
mūrdhnion the head/forehead
mūrdhni:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmūrdhan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
upāghrāyahaving smelled/kissed
upāghrāya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-ā-ghrā (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्): ‘having smelled/kissed (as a gesture)’
lakṣmaṇamLakshmana
lakṣmaṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootlakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

While the mighty-armed Lakshmana paid her homage, Sumitra wailed, kissed him on his forehead, wished him well and said:

S
Sumitrā
L
Lakṣmaṇa (Saumitri)

FAQs

It frames dharma as guidance and support: even in grief, a mother prioritizes the righteous course for her son—service to the rightful path and protection of virtue.

Lakṣmaṇa pays homage to his mother before leaving; Sumitrā, crying, blesses him affectionately and begins to advise him.

Sumitrā’s selfless wisdom—she subordinates personal sorrow to her son’s dharmic duty and well-being.