Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 3

Devanagari script

चतुरो वार्षिकान्मासान्सुप्रसुप्तं सुरेश्वरम् । संपूजयति यो भक्त्या न स भूयोऽत्र जायते

Transliteration

caturo vārṣikānmāsānsuprasuptaṃ sureśvaram | saṃpūjayati yo bhaktyā na sa bhūyo'tra jāyate

Translation

वर्षाकाले चतुर्मासान् सुषुप्तं सुरेश्वरं यो भक्त्या संपूजयति, स पुनरत्र लोके न जायते।

Word by Word

• caturo: four
• caturo: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: catur (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); बहुवचन; ‘māsān’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• vārṣikān: annual/seasonal
• vārṣikān: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vārṣika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); बहुवचन; ‘māsān’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (annual/seasonal)

• māsān: months
• māsān: Kāla-adhikarana (Time-span/काल)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); बहुवचन; कालावधि (duration)

• su-prasuptam: deeply asleep
• su-prasuptam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + pra-svap (धातु) + kta (कृत्प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन; ‘sureśvaram’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (deeply asleep)

• sureśvaram: the lord of the gods
• sureśvaram: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sura (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन; तत्पुरुषसमासः (surāṇām īśvaraḥ)

• saṃpūjayati: worships fully
• saṃpūjayati: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-pūj (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन

• bhaktyā: with devotion
• bhaktyā: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhakti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental); एकवचन

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (Negation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन

• bhūyaḥ: again
• bhūyaḥ: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bhūyas (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषणम् (adverb: again/further)

• atra: here
• atra: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atra (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (locative adverb: here)

• jāyate: is born
• jāyate: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); एकवचन; आत्मनेपदम्

Speaker

Sūta (deduced from immediate context of Adhyāya dialogue)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Biladvāra (context)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: (Not stated)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Monsoon months: dark clouds, steady rain; inside a lamp-lit shrine, devotees worship Viṣṇu in yoga-nidrā, offering tulasī and incense; calendar markers of four months.

Characters & Entities

• Sureśvara
• Jalaśāyī (Viṣṇu implied)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Devotional worship during Cāturmāsya is presented as a direct cause of liberation from repeated birth.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

A local shrine of Jalaśāyī (Viṣṇu) within the Nāgara Khaṇḍa Tīrthamāhātmya context is being praised, though the site-name is not stated in this single verse.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Perform devoted worship (pūjā) of the Lord during the four-month Cāturmāsya period.