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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 3

ऋषय ऊचुः । त्रिविधाः पुरुषाः सूत जायंतेत्र महीतले । उत्तमा मध्यमाश्चान्ये तथा चान्येऽधमाः स्थिताः

ṛṣaya ūcuḥ | trividhāḥ puruṣāḥ sūta jāyaṃtetra mahītale | uttamā madhyamāścānye tathā cānye'dhamāḥ sthitāḥ

ऋषय ऊचुः—हे सूत, महीतले पुरुषास्त्रिविधा जायन्ते; केचिदुत्तमाः, केचिन्मध्यमाः, तथा केचिदधमाः स्थिताः।

ऋषयःthe sages
ऋषयः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
ऊचुःsaid
ऊचुः:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन
त्रि-विधाःthreefold
त्रि-विधाः:
Visheshana (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (प्रातिपदिक) + विध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; द्विगु/तत्पुरुषार्थ: 'त्रयो विधाः यस्य' (here as numeral-determinative)
पुरुषाःmen; persons
पुरुषाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
सूतO Sūta
सूत:
Sambodhana (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootसूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन
जायन्तेare born
जायन्ते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक (locative adverb)
मही-तलेon the surface of the earth
मही-तले:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootमही (प्रातिपदिक) + तल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'महेः तलम्'
उत्तमाःthe best (people)
उत्तमाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (विशेष्य-लोपे विशेषणस्य प्रयोगः)
मध्यमाःthe middling (people)
मध्यमाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमध्यम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (विशेष्य-लोपे)
and
:
Sambandha/Avyaya (coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
तथाlikewise
तथा:
Sambandha/Avyaya (linking)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
and
:
Sambandha/Avyaya (coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
अधमाःthe lowest (people)
अधमाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअधम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (विशेष्य-लोपे)
स्थिताःsituated; existing
स्थिताः:
Visheshana (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past active participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण

Ṛṣayaḥ (the sages)

Listener: Sūta

Scene: A council of sages addresses Sūta with a structured question; three symbolic groups of people appear in the background as allegory: one meditative (uttama), one enjoying celestial imagery (madhyama), one entangled in darker impulses (adhama).

S
Sūta
Ṛṣis

FAQs

Human life is shaped by intention: some seek liberation, some seek heavenly merit, and some remain bound to sense-objects—hence dharma guides one upward.

The verse is introductory and classificatory; the particular tīrtha is part of the Adhyāya’s broader kṣetra-narrative and is not named in this line.

None directly; it sets a doctrinal context for later instructions about worship, pilgrimage, or vows.

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