Rig Veda 8.60.8 — Mandala 8, Sukta 60, Mantra 8

Sukta 8.60

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Gāyatrī/Anuṣṭubh-like short meter (uncertain; needs metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

मा नो मर्ताय रिपवे रक्षस्विने माघशंसाय रीरधः । अस्रेधद्भिस्तरणिभिर्यविष्ठ्य शिवेभिः पाहि पायुभिः ॥

Transliteration

mā́ no mártāya ripáve rakṣasvíne mā́gha-śaṃsāya rīradhaḥ | asrédhad-bhis taráṇi-bhir yaviṣṭhya śivébhíḥ pāhi pāyú-bhiḥ ||

Translation

मा नो मर्ताय रिपवे रक्षस्विने माघशंसाय रीरधः। हे यविष्ठ्य, अस्रेदद्भिः तरणिभिः (अतरणशक्तिभिः) शिवैः पायुभिः (रक्षकैः) पाहि।

Word by Word

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) / mā

• नः: to/for us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• मर्ताय: to a mortal
• मर्ताय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त (प्रा.)

• रिपवे: to an enemy
• रिपवे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: रिपु (प्रा.)

• रक्षस्विने: to the guarding/protecting one (protector)
• रक्षस्विने: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: रक्षस्विन् (प्रा.)

• माघशंसाय: to the ‘praiser of the bountiful’ / to one who praises gifts
• माघशंसाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: माघशंस (प्रा.)

• रीरधः: harm (us) / injure (us)
• रीरधः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: राध् (धातु) / √rādh

• अस्रेदद्भिः: with unfailing (ones)
• अस्रेदद्भिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्रेद्/स्रिध् (धातु) + नञ्; ‘अ-’ + स्रेदद् (कृदन्त) (प्रा.)

• तरणिभिः: with rescuers/saviours (overcomers)
• तरणिभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: तरणि (प्रा.) < √तॄ (तॄ/तॄण्) ‘to cross, overcome’

• यविष्ठ्य: O youngest/most vigorous (epithet)
• यविष्ठ्य: —
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: यविष्ठ्य (प्रा.) (vocative epithet; traditionally of इन्द्र/अग्नि depending on hymn)

• शिवेभिः: with auspicious (ones/means)
• शिवेभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शिव (प्रा.)

• पाहि: protect
• पाहि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (धातु) / √pā ‘to protect’

• पायुभिः: with protectors/guards
• पायुभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पायु (प्रा.) < √पा ‘protector/guard’