Rig Veda 4.37.4 — Mandala 4, Sukta 37, Mantra 4
Sukta 4.37
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional)
Devata: Rbhus as Indra-related powers ('sons of Indra’s might')
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पीवोअश्वाः शुचद्रथा हि भूतायःशिप्रा वाजिनः सुनिष्काः । इन्द्रस्य सूनो शवसो नपातोऽनु वश्चेत्यग्रियं मदाय ॥
Transliteration
pī́vo’aśvāḥ śucádrathā hí bhūtā́yaḥśiprā vājinaḥ suniṣkā́ḥ | índrasya sū́no śávasaḥ napā́to’ánu vaś cety agriyáṃ madā́ya ||
Translation
पीवोऽश्वाः शुचद्रथाः हि भूतायः शिप्रा वाजिनः सुनिष्काः। इन्द्रस्य सूनो शवसो नपातोऽनु वश्चेत्यग्रियं मदाय।
Word by Word
पीवःfat/strong
पीवः:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
TypeAdjective
Rootपीवस्- (प्रातिपदिक) < PIEH₂-?; ‘fat, strong’
अश्वाःhorses
अश्वाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व-
शुचद्रथाःwith shining chariots
शुचद्रथाः:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचद्- + रथ- (समास: कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीहि ‘having shining chariots’)
हिindeed, for
हि:
सम्बन्ध/हेतु-सूचक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
भूतायःwell-grown/ready, thriving
भूतायः:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
TypeAdjective
Rootभूताय- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘become/come-to-be’, ‘prosperous/ready’)
शिप्राःstrong-jawed, with prominent cheeks
शिप्राः:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
TypeAdjective
Rootशिप्रा- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘cheek/jaw’; RV: ‘with prominent cheeks/jaws’)
वाजिनःprize-winning, swift (steeds)
वाजिनः:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवाजिन्-
सुनिष्काःwell-adorned with gold (niṣka)
सुनिष्काः:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + निष्क- (समास; ‘having good gold-ornaments/neckpieces’)
इन्द्रस्यof Indra
इन्द्रस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र-
सूनोO son
सूनो:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootसूनु-
शवसःof might/strength
शवसः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootशवस्-
नपातःO descendant/offspring
नपातः:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootनपात्-
अनुalong, after
अनु:
क्रिया-विशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु
वःfor you / of you
वः:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (प्रसङ्गानुसार)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्- (एन्क्लिटिक सर्वनाम)
चेततिhe notices/attends
चेतति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootचित् (धातु) ‘to perceive, notice, be mindful’
अग्रियम्the foremost (thing/aid)
अग्रियम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअग्रिय- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘foremost, leading’)
मदायfor exhilaration/joy (of soma-intoxication)
मदाय:
सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन
TypeNoun
Rootमद-
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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