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Rig Veda 1.190.6: Mandala 1, Sukta 190, Mantra 6

Sukta 1.190

Devata: Bṛhaspati (with Mitra invoked as analogy of harmonized control)
Chandas: Jagatī or Triṣṭubh (uncertain here; not recomputed and the transmitted line-length suggests possible Jagatī tendencies)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सुप्रैतुः सूयवसो न पन्था दुर्नियन्तुः परिप्रीतो न मित्रः । अनर्वाणो अभि ये चक्षते नोऽपीवृता अपोर्णुवन्तो अस्थुः ॥

Transliteration

supráituḥ sūyávaso na pánthā durniyántuḥ pári-prīto na mítraḥ | an-arvā́ṇo abhí yé cákṣate no ’pī́vṛtā apa-ūrṇuvánto asthuḥ ||

Translation

अस्माकं पन्थाः सुप्रैतु—सुवयवसो मार्ग इव; दुर्नियन्ता परिप्रीतो मित्र इव मित्रभावं यातु। ये चानर्वाणोऽस्मान् अभि चक्षते—स्वयमेव संवृताः—तेऽपिवृता अपोर्णुवन्तोऽस्माकं पथः परे तिष्ठन्तु, अपयान्तु।

Word by Word
सु-प्र-एतुlet (it/the path) go forth well; may it proceed well
सु-प्र-एतु:
Kartā (implicit subject: पन्थाः) / Predication
TypeVerb
Root√इ (एति) with preverbs सु-, प्र-
सू-यवसःhaving good pasture/abundant fodder
सू-यवसः:
Viśeṣaṇa of Kartā (पन्थाः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसूयवस् (प्रातिपदिक; su- + yavas ‘fodder/grass’)
नlike, as
न:
(Upamā-marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
पन्थाःthe path, way
पन्थाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपथिन्/पन्था (प्रातिपदिक)
दुर्-नि-यन्तुःa hard-to-control (guide); difficult to restrain
दुर्-नि-यन्तुः:
Kartā (as apposition/epithet of पन्थाः)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootदुर्नियन्तृ (prātipadika; dur- + ni- + √यम् ‘to restrain/guide’ → नियन्तृ ‘controller/guide’)
परि-प्रीतःfully pleased, well-satisfied
परि-प्रीतः:
Viśeṣaṇa of Kartā (मित्रः in simile)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√प्री (to please, satisfy) with preverb परि-; past passive participle प्रीत
नlike, as
न:
(Upamā-marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
मित्रःa friend; Mitra
मित्रः:
Kartā (in simile/apposition to पन्थाः)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अनर्वाणःunfailing, unwearied
अनर्वाणः:
Kartā (of चक्षते)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनर्वाण (prātipadika; a- + narvāṇa ‘failing/weakening’), Vedic epithet
अभिtowards, upon
अभि:
(Upasarga with चक्षते)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि
येwho, which
ये:
Kartā (of चक्षते)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun)
चक्षतेthey look upon, behold
चक्षते:
Kriyā (action of Kartā: ये…)
TypeVerb
Root√चक्ष् (to see, behold)
नःof us, our
नः:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (of us) / beneficiary-context
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (enclitic pronoun)
अपि-ई-वृताःenclosed/covered all around; encompassed
अपि-ई-वृताः:
Kartā (with अस्थुः) / predicate of same group
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√वृत्/√वृ (to cover/enclose; also to choose) with preverb अपि-; PPP वृत
अपोर्णुवन्तःuncovering, opening (away)
अपोर्णुवन्तः:
Kartā (with अस्थुः); concomitant action
TypeParticiple
Root√वृ (to cover) with preverb अप-; present active participle (śatṛ) अपोर्णुवत्
अस्थुःthey have stood; they stood firm
अस्थुः:
Kriyā (main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√स्था (to stand)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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