Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 12

Yamavākya

The Words of Yama

योगसांख्यावुभौ त्यक्त्वा ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं च मानद । त्यक्त्वा स्वाध्यायहोमांश्च कृत्वा पापानि भूरिशः ॥ १२ ॥

yogasāṃkhyāvubhau tyaktvā jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ ca mānada | tyaktvā svādhyāyahomāṃśca kṛtvā pāpāni bhūriśaḥ || 12 ||

हे मानद! योगसांख्यौ उभौ त्यक्त्वा, ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं च परित्यज्य, स्वाध्यायहोमान् अपि त्यक्त्वा, भूरिशः पापानि करोति।

योग-सांख्यौYoga and Sāṃkhya
योग-सांख्यौ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयोग + सांख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; Accusative dual (as a pair)
उभौboth
उभौ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; Accusative dual qualifying योग-सांख्यौ
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having abandoned’
ज्ञानम्knowledge
ज्ञानम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular
ज्ञेयम्the knowable (object of knowledge)
ज्ञेयम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formतव्यत्/यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘that which is to be known/knowable’
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
मानदO bestower of honor
मानद:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootमानद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Vocative (epithet: ‘giver of honor’)
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव
स्वाध्याय-होमान्self-study (Vedic recitation) and fire-offerings
स्वाध्याय-होमान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वाध्याय + होम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Accusative plural
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having done/committed’
पापानिsins
पापानि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपाप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Accusative plural
भूरिशःabundantly, in great measure
भूरिशः:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूरिशस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

Narada

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: shanta

FAQs

The verse warns that rejecting all authentic disciplines—Yoga, Sāṅkhya, true knowledge, and core Vedic duties like svādhyāya and homa—does not create liberation; it produces moral collapse and accumulated pāpa.

By implication, genuine Bhakti is not anti-dharma: devotion is meant to be aligned with sattvic conduct and reverence for sacred practice, not used as a pretext to abandon discipline and fall into wrongdoing.

Svādhyāya points to disciplined Vedic recitation and study—supported by Śikṣā (phonetics) and Vyākaraṇa (grammar)—and homa reflects ritual competence tied to Kalpa (procedure), emphasizing that neglecting these foundations erodes dharmic life.