Atharva Veda 2.26.1: Kanda 2, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 26, Mantra 1

Sukta 26

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

पशुसंवर्धनम्। एह य॑न्तु प॒शवो॒ ये प॑रे॒युर्वा॒युर्येषां॑ सहचा॒रं जु॒जोष॑ । त्वष्टा॒ येषां॑ रूप॒धेया॑नि वेदा॒स्मिन् तान् गो॒ष्ठे स॑वि॒ता नि य॑छतु

IAST Transliteration

éha yántu paśávo yé paréyur vāyúr yéṣāṃ sahacārám jujóṣa | tváṣṭā yéṣāṃ rūpadhéyāni véda asmín tā́n góṣṭhe savitā́ ní yacchatu ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Hither let the cattle come—those that have wandered forth—whose fellow-traveller the Wind hath welcomed as companion. Whose forms and proper marks Tvaṣṭṛ knoweth: those, in this cowshed, let Savitar set fast and hold in place.

Translation

इह यन्तु पशवो ये परेयुः—येषां सहचारं वायुरनुजुजोष। येषां रूपधेयानि त्वष्टा वेद, तान् अस्मिन् गोष्ठे सविता नीयच्छतु ध्रुवान् करोतु।

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Word by Word

• एह: hither, here
• एह: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) / ए- (देइक्तिक)

• यन्तु: let them come
• यन्तु: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: यम् (यच्छति/याति-समूह; √यम् ‘to go/come’ वैदिक प्रयोग)

• पशवः: the cattle/animals
• पशवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशु (प्रातिपदिक)

• ये: who
• ये: Kartā (यन्तु इत्यस्य) / सम्बन्धक
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• परेयुः: have gone away, strayed
• परेयुः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ (√इ ‘to go’) + परि- (उपसर्ग)

• वा: or
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)

• वायुः: Wind (Vāyu)
• वायुः: Kartā (जुजोष इत्यस्य) / सम्बन्धक
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु (प्रातिपदिक)

• येषाम्: of whom
• येषाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सहचारम्: as companion, companionship
• सहचारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहचार (प्रातिपदिक; सह + चार ‘companion/attendant’)

• जुजोष: has favoured/accepted
• जुजोष: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: जुष् (√जुष् ‘to enjoy/favour/accept’)

• त्वष्टा: Tvaṣṭṛ (the shaper)
• त्वष्टा: Kartā (वेद इत्यस्य) / सम्बन्धक
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वष्टृ (प्रातिपदिक; देवता)

• येषाम्: of whom
• येषाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• रूपधेयानि: forms, distinguishing appearances
• रूपधेयानि: Karma (वेद इत्यस्य) / विषय
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूपधेय (प्रातिपदिक; रूप + धेय ‘form/appearance, distinctive marks’)

• वेद: knows
• वेद: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (√विद् ‘to know’)

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• तान्: those (them)
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• गोस्थे: in the cowshed/stall
• गोस्थे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोस्थ (प्रातिपदिक; गो + स्थ ‘cowshed, stall’)

• सविता: Savitar (the impeller)
• सविता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ (प्रातिपदिक; देवता)

• नि: down, into; firmly
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• यच्छतु: let (him) hold/keep, confine
• यच्छतु: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: यम् (√यम् ‘to restrain/hold’)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (specific ṛṣi attribution varies by anukramaṇī for this hymn)

Devata: Paśavaḥ (the cattle) with invoked agencies: Vāyu, Tvaṣṭṛ, Savitar

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like cadence (Atharvanic mixed meter; to be confirmed against pada-count in the edition used)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: vira