Mantra 51
Sukta 4
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
ये वशाया अदानाय वदन्ति परिरापिणः । इन्द्रस्य मन्यवे जाल्मा आ वृश्चन्ते अचित्त्या
IAST Transliteration
yé vaśā́yā adā́nāya vádanti parirāpíṇaḥ | índrasya mányave jā́lmā ā́ vṛścante ácittyā ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
They who, bent on non-giving of the barren cow, speak forth as harmful plotters—those knaves are cut down for Indra’s wrath, through their own senselessness.
Translation
ये वशायाः अदाने वदन्ति परिरापिणः, ते जाल्मा इन्द्रस्य मन्यवे अचित्त्या आवृश्चन्ते।
Word by Word
येwho (those who)
ये:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्धि-उपवाक्ये) / विशेष्य-संबन्धः
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वशायाःof (the) vashā-charm / enchanting power
वशायाः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘वशा’ सम्बन्धिनः
TypeNoun
Rootवशा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वशा’ = वशीकरण/मोहिनी/मन्त्र-शक्ति; अथवा ‘वशा’ नाम्नी औषधि/विद्या)
अदानायfor withholding / for not giving
अदानाय:
सम्प्रदान (dative purpose) — ‘for non-giving/withholding’
TypeNoun
Rootअदान (प्रातिपदिक; अ-दान = ‘न दानम्’/‘अदान’ = non-giving, withholding)
वदन्तिthey speak / they say
वदन्ति:
क्रिया (मुख्य) — कर्तृ ‘ये …’
TypeVerb
Rootवद् (धातु)
परिरापिणःharmers, injurers (those who cause affliction)
परिरापिणः:
कर्तृ (ये …) — विशेषण/अपपद-नाम
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootपरि-रापिन् (प्रातिपदिक; राप्/रापय् ‘to harm, injure’ से)
इन्द्रस्यof Indra
इन्द्रस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘of Indra’
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
मन्यवेto (his) wrath / for (Indra’s) anger
मन्यवे:
सम्प्रदान (dative) — ‘to/for (his) wrath’
TypeNoun
Rootमन्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
जाल्माःthe vile/wicked ones
जाल्माः:
कर्तृ — ‘the vile ones’
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootजाल्म (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wicked, vile, base’)
आforth, completely (as a preverb)
आ:
क्रियाविशेषण (direction/intensity)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
वृश्चन्तेthey are cut off / they get cut down (perish)
वृश्चन्ते:
क्रिया (मुख्य) — कर्तृ ‘जाल्माः’
TypeVerb
Rootवृश्च् (धातु; ‘to cut off, tear away’)
अचित्त्याthrough folly / by lack of sense
अचित्त्या:
करण (instrument/cause) — ‘through heedlessness/folly’
TypeNoun (instrumental of abstract) / Adverbial
Rootअ-चित्ति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘lack of understanding/heedlessness’)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition
Devata: Indra’s Manyu (wrath) as punitive power
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"raudra","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"Exposure of plotters → summoning wrath → decisive cutting down.","listener_experience":"Empowerment against intimidation; fear for would-be saboteurs.","intensity":8}