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Rig Veda 1.161.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 161, Mantra 4

Sukta 1.161

Rishi: Rbhus
Devata: Rbhus; Tvaṣṭṛ as counter-presence; Agni as messenger implied
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

चकृवांस ऋभवस्तदपृच्छत क्वेदभूद्यः स्य दूतो न आजगन् । यदावाख्यच्चमसाञ्चतुरः कृतानादित्त्वष्टा ग्नास्वन्तर्न्यानजे ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.161.4
Transliteration

cakṛvā́ṃsa ṛ́bhavas tád apṛcchata kvéd abhūd yáḥ syá dūtó na ā́jagan | yadā́vākhyac camasā́ṃś catúraḥ kṛtā́nād íd tvaṣṭā́ gnā́sv antár nyā́naje ||

Translation

Совершив это, Рибху спросили: «Где же он — тот, кто должен был быть нашим вестником и пришёл к нам?» Когда он показал четыре чаши, сделанные, тогда Тваштар отступил и укрылся внутри женщин (в образах природы).

Word by Word
चक्रिवांसःhaving done; the doers
चक्रिवांसः:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Root√कृ (कृ ‘to do, make’) → कृत्-प्रत्यय (क्विप्/क्वसु) ‘चक्रिवांस्’
ऋभवःthe Rbhus
ऋभवः:
कर्तृ (apposition to चक्रिवांसः)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootऋभु (प्रातिपदिक; name of the Rbhus)
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अपृच्छतthey asked
अपृच्छत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√प्रच्छ् (पृच्छति ‘to ask’)
क्वwhere?
क्व:
अधिकरण (प्रश्न-स्थान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्व (अव्यय)
इद्indeed, just
इद्:
—
TypeParticle
Rootइद् (निपात; emphatic)
अभूत्was; came to be
अभूत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√भू (भवति ‘to be, become’)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
स्यmight be
स्य:
क्रिया
TypeVerb (optative, enclitic/metrical)
Rootअस् (√अस् ‘to be’) — optative form ‘स्यात्’ with enclitic/metrical shortening to ‘स्य’ (Vedic)
दूतःa messenger
दूतः:
कर्तृ/प्रेडिकेट-नाम (to यः)
TypeNoun
Rootदूत (प्रातिपदिक)
नःof us; our
नः:
सम्बन्ध (possessor)
TypePronoun (enclitic)
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
आtowards, hither
आ:
—
TypePreverb
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अजगन्they came
अजगन्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गच्छति ‘to go’) with reduplicated aorist stem (Vedic) ‘जगम्’
यत्that which
यत्:
कर्म (of अवाख्यत्)
TypeRelative/Conjunctional pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
अवाख्यत्he declared; he made known
अवाख्यत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअव-√ख्या (to name, proclaim, make known)
चमसान्cups; bowls
चमसान्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootचमस (प्रातिपदिक)
चतुरःfour
चतुरः:
विशेषण (of कर्म)
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootचतुर् (संख्या/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
कृतान्made; fashioned
कृतान्:
विशेषण (of कर्म)
TypeParticiple (past passive)
Root√कृ → कृत (PPP)
आदित्then indeed
आदित्:
—
TypeParticle
Rootआद् + इत् (निपात; Vedic ‘then indeed/just then’)
त्वष्टाTvaṣṭṛ
त्वष्टा:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootत्वष्टृ (देवता-नाम; prātipadika)
ग्नासुamong the women
ग्नासु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootग्ना (स्त्री-प्रातिपदिक ‘divine woman/maid’; in RV often ‘wives/women’)
अन्तःwithin
अन्तः:
अधिकरण (adverbial location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्तः (अव्यय/उपपद; ‘within’)
न्यdown, in
न्य:
—
TypePreverb
Rootनि (उपसर्ग; before vowel → न्य्)
आनजेhe anointed; he applied
आनजे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√अञ्ज् (to anoint, smear; also ‘to apply/attach’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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